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JosephSmithSr.
So shall it be with my father: he shall be called a prince over his posterity, holding the keys of the patriarchal priesthood over the kingdom of God on earth, even the Church of the Latter Day Saints, and he shall sit in the general assembly of patriarchs, even in council with the Ancient of Days when he shall sit and all the patriarchs with him and shall enjoy his right and authority under the direction of the Ancient of Days. |
STEWART, King James I
1394 - 1437 (42 years) 
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Name STEWART, James Prefix King Suffix I Birth 25 Jul 1394 Dunfermline Palace, Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland 
Christening 17 Dec 1394 Stirling, Stirlingshire, Scotland Gender Male _TAG Reviewed on FS Death 21 Feb 1437 Blackfriars, Perth, Perthshire, Scotland Burial 25 Feb 1437 Charter House, Perth, Perthshire, Scotland Headstones 
Submit Headstone Photo Person ID I46094 Joseph Smith Sr and Lucy Mack Smith Last Modified 19 Aug 2021
Father STEWART, King Robert III , b. 14 Aug 1337, Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotlandd. 4 Apr 1406, Rothesay Castle, Rothesay, Bute, Scotland (Age 68 years) Mother DRUMMOND, Queen Annabella , b. Abt 1350, Cargill, Perthshire, Scotland Cargill, Perthshire, Scotlandd. Oct 1401, Scone Palace, Perthshire, Scotland (Age 51 years) Marriage 13 Mar 1365 Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland Family ID F24068 Group Sheet | Family Chart
Family BEAUFORD, Queen Joan de , b. 27 Dec 1402, Beaufort Castle, Goudet, Haute-Loire, Auvergne, France Beaufort Castle, Goudet, Haute-Loire, Auvergne, Franced. 15 Jul 1445, Dunbar Castle, Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland (Age 42 years) Marriage 2 Feb 1423/2 Feb 1424 Southwark, Surrey, England 
Children2 sons and 6 daughters Family ID F24050 Group Sheet | Family Chart Last Modified 24 Jan 2022
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Notes - 16th Great Grandson of King Alfred the Great.
King James Stewart was born 10 December 1394 in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland an died 21 February 1437 in Perth and Kinross, Scotland. He was the son of Robert III and Annabella Drummond. He reigned 1406-1437, though from 1406 until 1424, he was king in name only. When his father sent him away as a child for his own protection, he was captured by the English and held in the Tower of London for 18 years. During his imprisonment, he fell in love with Joan Beaufort, and the two were married on February 2, 1424 in Southwark. They had 8 children together.
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THE HOUSE OF STEWART - JAMES I, KING 1406-1437
The future James I was born on 10th December, 1394, the second son of Robert III and Annabella Drummond. His elder brother, David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, the heir to the throne, had died under mysterious circumstances, for which, it was claimed, his ambitious uncle, Robert, Duke of Albany was responsible. Robert III had attempted to send his younger son to France to guard him from the machinations of his uncle, but he was captured by English ships just off Flamborough Head. On hearing the lamentful news, his depressed father is reported to have died of grief and despair.
James thus found himself King of Scotland and the most unwilling guest of his English enemies at the age of twelve. His captor, Henry IV, had him provided with an education at Windsor Castle.
While the young King grew to manhood in English captivity, his ambitious and self-serving uncle, Robert, Duke of Albany, was appointed Regent and Governor of Scotland in his absence and exhibited no haste in securing his nephew's release. During his long imprisonment, James wrote the King's Quair an allegorical romance and major early work of Scottish Literature.
The Regent died at the remarkable age for the time of of eighty-three in 1420 and was succeeded as governor of Scotland by his son Murdoch Stewart. Murdoch was not the strong ruler his father was and Scotland slid back into a state of anarchy and lawlessness. After eighteen long years of captivity, James I was finally released by the English. For his return the English demanded forty thousand pounds.
The King returned to his homeland with his English bride, Joan Beaufort, the granddaughter of John of Gaunt, the powerful Duke of Lancaster and great granddaughter of Edward III. His marriage to Joan, a celebrated beauty, was said to have been a genuine love match rather than the political alliances favoured at the time. They were married in London on 2nd February, 1428.
The new King was crowned at Scone in May, 1424. James, unlike his father, possessed a strong and resolute character, and was determined to crush the threat posed by the power of the Albany Stewarts and promptly confiscated their estates. Murdoch Stewart and his two sons were executed on Castle Hill, at Stirling.
The King, aged thirty on his return to Scotland, was now a thick set man, athletic, musical and cultured. Faced the onerous task of restoring law and order to a country rent with dissension, but resolute and determined, James was to prove himself equal to it. King James turned his attention to the Highlands, he summoned the Highland chiefs to a parliament at Inverness. They were all thrown into a dungeon pit and three of them executed, although the rest were eventually released.
A new judicial system was established in Scotland. In 1426 James founded a new court, called the Session, which was responsible for hearing cases which were formerly brought before the King or Parliament. James' concern that all his subjects should receive justice was amply exhibited by his provision of a poor man's advocate to represent those who did not have the means to pay for their own defence, an innovation at the time.
He made Scots coinage exchangeable for foreign currency only within Scottish borders, encouraging trade. He also introduced changes to the Scottish Parliament, bringing it more into line with the English, of which he had experience of in his years of captivity.
The King's marriage to Joan Beaufort was a stable and happy one, the couple were to produce two sons, the future James II and Alexander, who died in infancy. Margaret, one of James' six daughters was to become the wife of Louis XI of France, re-establishing the 'Auld Alliance' with that country.
James I engendered much resentment in Scotland by his re-establishment of a strict, but just, system of government.
At Christmas 1436, which the King and Queen spent at the Dominican priory at Perth, a conspiracy was hatched to murder King James. The plot centred around Sir Robert Stewart. The ambitious Earl of Atholl, his co-conspirator, had designs on the throne himself, both were descended from Robert II by his second marriage to Euphemia of Ross, and therefore considered themselves to have a greater right to the crown than James, who descended from Robert's liaison with his then mistress, Elizabeth Mure, whom he only later made his wife.
On the fateful night of 20th February, 1437, Sir Robert Stewart dismissed the King's guards and allowed the party of assassins, led by Sir Robert Graham, to enter. The king was preparing for bed, but on hearing the sounds of armed men in the passage outside, he attempted to push the bar through the fastenings that secured the door, but it had been removed by Robert Stewart. Catherine Douglas, a lady-in-wating to the queen, put her arm through the brackets while the King using a poker from the fireplace, levered up floorboards in an attempt to escape his assailants through a sewer, the assassins burst into the chamber, breaking Catherine’s arm in the process. The exit of the sewer had recently been blocked off to prevent tennis balls getting lost and James found himself trapped.
The assassins searched the chamber and then left to search the other rooms in the palace for their victim. The king, assuming that the silence meant that the danger was over, called out for aid. On hearing the call the assassins returned to the bedchamber. Two of them went down into the sewer after him. James fought back, taking them by their throats and attempted to wrest the knives from them. Sir Robert Graham joined in the melee and James was finally killed , receiving 16 stab wounds to his body. Queen Joan was also wounded in her frantic attempts to protect her husband, the conspirators then fled.
The conspirators found little support amongst the Scottish people. James was sincerely mourned by his subjects, itself a testament to what he had accomplished. James I is considered one of the greatest of Scotland's Kings.
His six year old son, James II, succeeded him.
The king's murder resulted in a period of disorder before James II was crowned at Holyrood Abbey on 25 March 1437.
In early May the main conspirators were caught. The Earl of Atholl had a red-hot coronet placed on his head before he and his son were beheaded. Robert Stewart was tortured to death. Sir Robert Graham was found hiding above Blair Atholl, still known as Graham's Rock. He was taken through the streets of Edinburgh in a cart, with his right hand nailed to an upright post, and surrounded with men who, with sharp hooks and knives, and red hot irons, kept constantly tearing at and burning his body, until his body was covered with wounds. The following day he was forced to watch his son being disemboweled before suffering the same fate
Source: Scottish Monarchs - http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/stewart_3.htm
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James I, King of Scots (25 July 1394 – 21 February 1437), was the youngest of three sons of King Robert III and Annabella Drummond and was born probably in late July 1394 in Dunfermline Palace. By the time he was eight years old, both of his elder brothers were dead—Robert had died in infancy, and David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, died suspiciously in Falkland Castle while being detained by his uncle, Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany. Although parliament exonerated Albany, fears for James's safety grew during the winter of 1405–6 and plans were made to send him to France. In February 1406, James and nobles close to his father clashed with supporters of Archibald, 4th Earl of Douglas, forcing the prince to take refuge on the Bass Rock in the Firth of Forth. He remained there until mid-March, when he boarded a vessel bound for France, but while off the English coast, pirates captured the ship on 22 March and delivered James to Henry IV of England. A few days later, on 4 April Robert III died, and the 12-year-old uncrowned King of Scots began his 18-year detention.
James was given a good education at the English court, where he developed respect for English methods of governance and for Henry V to the extent that he served in the English army against the French during 1420–1. Murdoch Stewart, James's cousin and Albany's son, a captive in England since 1402 was traded for Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland in 1416. Eight more years passed before James was ransomed by which time Murdoch had succeeded his father to the dukedom and the governorship of Scotland. James married Joan Beaufort, daughter of the Earl of Somerset in February 1424 shortly before his release in April when they journeyed to Scotland. It was not altogether a popular re-entry to Scottish affairs, since James had fought on behalf of Henry V and at times against Scottish forces in France. Additionally, his £40,000 ransom meant increased taxes to cover the repayments and the detention of Scottish nobles as collateral. Despite this, James also held qualities that were admired. The contemporary Scotichronicon by Walter Bower described James as excelling at sport and appreciative of literature and music. Unlike his father and grandfather he did not take mistresses, but had many children by his consort, Queen Joan. The king had a strong desire to impose law and order on his subjects, but applied it selectively at times.
To bolster his authority and secure the position of the crown, James launched pre-emptive attacks on some of his nobles beginning in 1425 with his close relatives the Albany Stewarts that resulted in the execution of Duke Murdoch. In 1428 James detained Alexander, Lord of the Isles, while attending a parliament in Inverness. Archibald, 5th Earl of Douglas, was arrested in 1431, followed by George, Earl of March, in 1434. The plight of the ransom hostages held in England was ignored and the repayment money was diverted into the construction of Linlithgow Palace and other grandiose schemes.
In August 1436, James failed humiliatingly in his siege of Roxburgh Castle and then faced an ineffective attempt by Sir Robert Graham to arrest him at a general council. James was murdered at Perth on the night of 20–1 February 1437 in a failed coup by his uncle and former ally Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl. Queen Joan, although wounded, escaped to the safety of Edinburgh Castle, where she was reunited with her son James II.
- 16th Great Grandson of King Alfred the Great.
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