FITZGILBERT, Marshall John

Abt 1105 - 1165  (60 years)  Submit Photo / Document

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• Name	FITZGILBERT, John
  Prefix	Marshall
  Birth	Abt 1105	Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales
  Gender	Male
  Burial	1165	Bradenstoke Priory, Wiltshire, England
  Death	29 Sep 1165	Newbury Castle, Marlborough, England
  WAC	15 Nov 1932	ARIZO
  _TAG	Reviewed on FS
  Headstones	Submit Headstone Photo
  Person ID	I48319	Joseph Smith Sr and Lucy Mack Smith
  Last Modified	19 Aug 2021

  
  

  Father	FITZ-ROBERT, Gilbert ,   b. 1075, Somerset, England Somerset, Englandd. 1129, Winterbourne Monkton, Marlborough, Wiltshire, England (Age 54 years)
  Mother	VENOIX, Margaret de ,   b. 4 Nov 1083, Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Walesd. 1129, Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales (Age 45 years)
  Notes	~SEALING_SPOUSE: Also shown as SealSp 2 Jun 1936, SLAKE.
  Family ID	F6888	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family 1	PIPARD, Aline ,   b. Abt 1106, Wootton Bassett, Wiltshire, England Wootton Bassett, Wiltshire, England
  Marriage	Wiltshire, England
  Family ID	F24915	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	24 Jan 2022

  
  

  Family 2	SALISBURY, Sibilla de ,   b. 27 Nov 1126, Sarum, Wiltshire, England Sarum, Wiltshire, Englandd. 3 Jun 1176, Pembrokeshire, Wales (Age 49 years)
  Marriage	Abt 1143	Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales
  Children	4 sons and 3 daughters
  1. MARSHALL, John ,   b. Abt 1144, Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Walesd. Mar 1194, Wiltshire, England (Age 50 years)   2. FITZJOHN, Maud ,   b. Abt 1148, Wiltshire, England Wiltshire, Englandd. 1242, England (Age 94 years)   3. MARSHALL ,   b. Abt 1152, England Englandd. England   4. MARSHALL, Anselm ,   b. Abt 1154, Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales   5. MARSHALL, Henry ,   b. Abt 1156, Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Walesd. Oct 1206 (Age 50 years) + 6. MARSHALL, Earl William ,   b. 1146, Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Walesd. 14 May 1219, Caversham Manor, Oxfordshire, England (Age 73 years) + 7. FITZGILBERT, Margaret ,   b. Abt 1146, Warwickshire, England Warwickshire, Englandd. 1242, Dudley, Staffordshire, England (Age 96 years)
  Family ID	F16797	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	24 Jan 2022

  
  

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  BIO: from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISH%20NOBILITY%20MEDIEVAL1.htm#JohnFitzGilbertMarshaldied1165 JOHN FitzGilbert "the Marshal" (-before Nov 1165). He succeeded his father in [1130] as Master Marshal of the king's household. The 1129/30 Pipe Roll records "Johs Marisc" accounting for "terra et ministerio patris sui"[1272]. The Gesta Stephani Regis names "Joannes, ille Marescallus agnominatus" among the supporters of Empress Matilda in the English civil war[1273]. Military fee certifications in the Red Book of the Exchequer, in 1166, record that "Johannes Marescallus" used to hold knights´ fees in Oxfordshire during the reign of King Henry I, now held by "Gilbertus filius eius" from "Manasser Arsic"[1274]. Empress Matilda made various grants of property by charter dated to [1141/42] witnessed by "…Johes filius Gisleberti…"[1275]. "…Rainaldo comite Cornubie…Johanne Marescallo" witnessed the charter dated to [Feb/Mar] 1155 under which Henry II King of England restored properties of "Roberto filio Hereberti Camerarii", held by "pater suus vel avus suus"[1276]. The 1157 Pipe Roll records "Johi Marescall" in Herefordshire and Hampshire (three times)[1277]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Johannes Marscallus xx s" in Worcestershire in [1161/62][1278]. m firstly (repudiated [1141]) as her first husband, ALINE, daughter of [WALTER Pipard] & his wife ---. The Complete Peerage states that the marriage to a daughter of Walter Pipard, a minor Wiltshire baron, is "stated as a fact by Painter" but "this seems a rash deduction from the fact that John paid 30 marks for Walter´s land and daughter" [as recorded in the 1129/30 Pipe Roll in which "Johs Marisc" accounted for "terra et filia Walti Pipardi"][1279]. The early 13th century Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal records that John divorced his first wife and married "damesele Sibire la sorur le cunte Patriz"[1280]. She married secondly Stephen Gai[1281]. Henri Duke of Normandy confirmed an agreement between "Stephanum Gai et Adelicia uxorem suam" and "Gislbtu fil Johannis Mariscalli et eiusdem Aeline" relating to her inheritance by charter dated to [Apr/May] 1153[1282]. m secondly (before [1144]) SIBYL de Salisbury, daughter of WALTER FitzEdward de Salisbury & his wife Matilda de Chaources . The early 13th century Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal records that John divorced his first wife and married "damesele Sibire la sorur le cunte Patriz"[1283]. John FitzGilbert & his first wife had two children... ** from William Marshal, The Flower of Chivalry (Georges Duby) p 60-- Such household offices soon became hereditary. On Gilbert's death around 1130, his oldest son, John--William's father--inherited the title and the prerogatives attached to it; he retained them after 1139, when he definitively left the court and the king's person. At this time the king was gradually losing his power. In 1135, Stephen of Blois had succeeded his uncle, Henry I, who had no legitimate son still alive. Stephen had not ascended the throne without difficulty; to gain acceptance, he was obliged to increase concessions to the nobles. He was besieged, in fact, by all those who, to justify their subordination and to demand more priviledges, proclaimed Matilda, the late king's daughter, a more direct heir than Stephen. Their number gradually increased, while the treasury gradually emptied. Disturbances beset the divided realm. Some sided with the crowned king, some with the woman who disputed his succession. Such was the case around Marlborough Castle in Wiltshire, where John Marshal had retired to his own lands, regarding the occasion as a favorable one to pursue his own interests. This pursuit, in which, as the poem says, "one loses, the other wins," was war. By which we may understand pillage, rapine, and a hunt for spoils. From the other side of the plain, John encountered Patrick, guardian of Salisbury Castle, leader of a rival faction. In these mists of time, John's figure is scarcely discernible. It was recalled only that he gave with a full hand and that, being neither earl nor baron of great wealth, he yet managed to maintain a great troop of knights--three hundred, the text says, doubtless exaggerating... First of all, John Marshall happened to make the right choice at the right time: he sided with Matilda. During an excursion she was making in the vicinity of his lands, John served Matilda at the peril of his own life. One day when he little troop was giving way before the king's superior forces, John covered her retreat... Matilda, like all women in those days, rode sidesaddle; this was delaying their progress. "Lady, I swear to you by Jesus Christ," John apparently told her, "you cannot spur your horse in that posture. You must take one leg and put it over the saddlebow." He himself held fast, falling back to the convent of Wherwhell, where he sought to engage the pursuers, at least momentarily. The enemy set fire to the tower in which he had taken refuge; the melting lead of the roof dripped upon his face; the king's men left him for dead. God be thanked, he escaped. He was seen returning on foot to Marlborough but with only one eye. The memory of the princess is short, yet Matilda recalled the exploit, the devotion that inspired it, nor did her son, Henry Plantagenet, forget it when, upon Stephen's death in 1154, he became king of England. Thus John had won the love and favor of the patron from whom there was the most to gain. He gradually advanced himself by his valor, and made a further gain by marrying the daugthter of a great house. Like all firstborn sons, John Marshal had been married early; his wife, about whom we know nothing, had borne him two sons. Now an opportunity appeared to contract a much more profitable alliance. It became evident that Matilda would prevail; Patrick, John's rival, ranged himself with the probable victors. In the little local war, he had the upper hand; moreover, he was of much nobler blood than John and possessed greater power. He offered his allegiance for a price. In order to win him over, the Plantagenets made him earl of Salisbury. In return they persuaded him to marrying his sister to John, their loyal supporter. This was one of the purposes that marriaged served: to reconcile enemies, to consolidate peace. Without hesitating--such substitution of wives were then common currency--John repudiated his wife and took the new one, acting out of what we should call civic interest and in order to please his lord; to settle the dispute between him and Patrick, and not out of greed. The second damsel Sibylla, was in fact worth a great deal more to John than the first. ** from Wikipedia listing for John Marshal (Earl Marshal) John FitzGilbert the Marshal (Marechal) (d. ~1164) was a minor Anglo-Norman nobleman during the reign of King Stephen, and fought in the 12th Century civil war on the side of the Empress Matilda. In September 1141, Matilda fled the siege of Oxford and took refuge in the Marshal's castle at Ludgershall, Wiltshire. From there, John covered her retreat to Gloucester, but was forced to take refuge a church. The attackers set fire to the building, and John lost an eye to dripping lead from the melting roof. In 1152, John had a legendary confrontation with King Stephen, who had besieged him at Newbury Castle. After John had broken an agreement to surrender, Stephen threatened to kill his son, who John had given as a hostage. John refused, saying he could make more sons, but Stephen apparently took pity on the young boy and did not kill him. This son, William, was to become a legendary figure in medieval lore, and one of the most powerful men in England. The office of Lord Marshal, which originally related to the keeping of the King's horses, and later, the head of his household troops, was won as a hereditary title by John, and was passed to his eldest son, and later claimed by William. John also had a daughter, Margaret Marshal, married Ralph de Somery, son of John de Somery and Hawise de Paynell. Family In 1141, John divorced his wife Aline Pipard to marry Sibyl of Salisbury, the sister of Patrick of Salisbury, who had been a local rival of his, and a supporter of King Stephen, up to that point. John's eldest son, also called John Marshal (d. 1199), inherited the title of Marshal, which he held until his death. The title was then granted by Richard the Lionhearted to William, who made the name and title famous. Though he had started out as a younger son without inheritance, by the time he actually inherited the title his reputation as a soldier and statesman was unmatched across Europe.