ARAGON, King Alfonsez II^[1]

1157 - 1196  (39 years)  Submit Photo / Document

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• Name	ARAGON, Alfonsez
  Prefix	King
  Suffix	II
  Nickname	Chaste
  Christening	Bef 25 Mar 1157	Huesca, Aragon, Spain
  Birth	25 Mar 1157	Valle, Aragon, Spain
  Gender	Male
  _TAG	Reviewed on FS
  Death	25 Apr 1196	Perpignan, Pyrennes, France
  Burial	25 Apr 1196	Perpignan 3e Canton, Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, Languedoc-Roussillon, Francia
  Headstones	Submit Headstone Photo
  Person ID	I28761	Joseph Smith Sr and Lucy Mack Smith
  Last Modified	19 Aug 2021

  
  

  Father	ARAGON, Count Ramon Berenger IV ,   b. 4 Apr 1113, Barcelona, Cataluña, España Barcelona, Cataluña, Españad. 6 Aug 1162, Borgo San Dalmazzo, Cuneo, Piemonte, Italia (Age 49 years)
  Mother	ARAGON, Queen Petronilla ,   b. 29 Jun 1136, Huesca, Aragón, Espagne Huesca, Aragón, Espagned. 13 Oct 1173, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (Age 37 years)
  Marriage	1151	Huesca, Aragon, Spain
  Family ID	F16012	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family 1	AFONSEZ DE PORTUGAL, Mafalda ,   b. 1149, Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugald. 1174 (Age 25 years)
  Marriage	30 Jan 1160	Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
  Family ID	F15250	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	24 Jan 2022

  
  

  Family 2	ARAGON, Queen Sancha ,   b. 14 Sep 1154, Burgos, Provincia de Burgos, Castilla y León, Spain Burgos, Provincia de Burgos, Castilla y León, Spaind. 9 Nov 1208, Jaén, Andalusia, Spain (Age 54 years)
  Marriage	18 Jan 1174	Zaragoza, Saragossa, Aragon, Spain
  Notes	~SEALING_SPOUSE: Also shown as SealSp 11 Oct 1991, JRIVE.
  Children	2 sons and 2 daughters
  + 1. ALFONSEZ, King Pedro II ,   b. Abt 1174, Zaragoza, Saragossa, Aragon, Spain Zaragoza, Saragossa, Aragon, Spaind. 14 Sep 1213, Muret, Haute-Garonne, Pyrenees, France (Age 39 years) + 2. PROVENCE, Count Alfonso II ,   b. Abt 1174, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Barcelona, Catalonia, Spaind. Feb 1209, Palermo, Sicily, Italy (Age 35 years) + 3. SICILY, Costanza Alfonsez ,   b. 18 Jan 1174, Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain Zaragoza, Aragon, Spaind. 23 Jun 1222, Catania, Sicily, Italia (Age 48 years)   4. ARAGON, Princess Sancha Alfonsez ,   b. Abt 1186, Zaragoza, Saragossa, Aragon, Spain Zaragoza, Saragossa, Aragon, Spaind. Aft 1241, Toulouse, Jura, Franche-Comté, France (Age > 56 years)
  Family ID	F16118	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	24 Jan 2022

  
  

• Photos		At least one living or private individual is linked to this item - Details withheld.
  		Alfonso II, King of Aragon

  
  

• Notes

  SURNAME: Also shown as Aragon And Pamplona GIVEN NAMES: Also shown as Alfonso BIRTH: Also shown as Born Huelgas, Burgos, Spain. BIRTH: Also shown as Born 4 Apr 1152 BIO: King of Aragon, 1162-96. Led a crusade against the Almoravide Moors ** from http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ARAGON%20&%20CATALONIA.htm#PedroIIdied1213 as of 6/1/2016 Infante don RAMÓN de Aragón, son of RAMÓN BERENGUER IV Conde de Barcelona & his wife Petronilla Queen of Aragon (Villamayor del Valle, Huesca 1/25 Mar 1157-Perpignan 25 Apr 1195, bur Poblet, monastery of Nuestra Señora). The "Corónicas" Navarras name (in order) "don Pedro…el rey don Alfonso, que ovo nombre Remón Belenguer et el conte don Pedro de Provença et el conte don Sancho et a la muller del rey don Sancho de Portugal" as the children of the "conte de Barçalona…en esta su muller [dona Peyronela]", stating that the first named Pedro died in Huesca[308]. The Brevi Historia Comitum Provinciæ names "Ildefonsum primogenitum" as son of "Berengarius comes Barchinonæ et Provinciæ, maritus Petronillæ"[309]. He succeeded his father in 1162 as RAMÓN Conde de Barcelona, Girona, Osona, Besalú, Cerdagne/Cerdaña and Roussillon. "Ildefonsus…rex Aragonensis, comes Barchinonensis, duc Provinciæ" granted "vicecomitatu de Carlades", held by "avus patris mei Guilbertus…comes", to "Hugonem comitem Rutenensem" by charter dated 1167[310]. He founded Teruel 1169-72. He secured the vassalage of Marie Ctss de Béarn 1170. Comte de Roussillon (including the see of Elne) in 1172 on the death of Guinard II Comte de Roussillon without heirs. He succeeded his mother in 1174 as ALFONSO II “el Casto” King of Aragon. He secured the vassalage of Centule Comte de Bigorre 1175, by granting him the Val d’Aran. He conceded Murcia to Castile under the treaty of Cazola Mar 1179, retaining Valencia within the Aragonese sphere of influence. Roger II Vicomte de Béziers-Carcassonne confirmed his vassalage Nov 1179. He succeeded his brother in 1185 as ALFONSO I Comte de Provence (declaring himself Marquis de Provence), appointing Roger Bernard Comte de Foix as procurator. He acquired Pallars Jussà 1192 by cession of Dolça de So. He ordered the compilation (completed 1194) of the Great Book of Fiefs (liber feudorum maior), an administrative register of property, under the direction of Ramón de Caldes, dean of Barcelona cathedral. Betrothed to Matilda or Teresa, daughter of Afonso I King of Portugal (-1218). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records the death of "Hildefonsum rex Arragonum" and his burial "in abbatio de Populato"[311]. The Gestis Comitum Barcinonensium records the death in 1196 of "Ildefonsus" and his burial "in Monasterio Populeti" which he had founded[312]. The Crónica de San Juan de la Peña records the death of King Alfonso in 1196 aged 42 and his burial "al monasterio de Poblet"[313]. The "Corónicas" Navarras record that "el rey don Alfonso de Aragón, fijo de conte de Barçalona" died "al yssient de abril", in 1234[314]. The Anales Toledanos record the death in Apr 1195 of “el Rey D. Alfonso de Aragon”[315]. The Thalamus de Montpellier records the death in Apr 1196 of "Namfos rei dAragon a Perpinhan"[316]. Betrothed ([30 Jan 1160]) to Infanta dona MAFALDA de Portugal, daughter of AFONSO I King of Portugal & his wife Mathilde de Savoie ([1149]-1173/4). A Chronica Breve names "dona Mafalda" first among the daughters of King Afonso I, adding that she married "comde Reymon de Barcelona" (although this source is inaccurate in other details)[317]. m (Zaragoza 18 Jan 1174) Infanta doña SANCHA de Castilla, daughter of ALFONSO VII "el Emperador" King of Castile and León & his second wife Ryksa of Poland (1155-Monastery of Sijena 9 Nov 1208). The Gestis Comitum Barcinonensium records the marriage of "Ildefonsus" and "Sanciam…filiam Imperatoris Magni Ildefonsi de Castellæ"[318]. The "Corónicas" Navarras name "la filla del Emperador dona Sancha" as the wife of "el rey don Alfonso d'Aragón"[319]. She founded the Hospitaller priory of nuns of Nuestra Señora at San Juan de Sijena in 1188, and became a nun there herself in 1197. Her name is confirmed in the charter dated 24 Feb 1212 under which Pedro II King of Aragon "filio Sanctiæ…Reginæ Aragonum" granted property to "Guillelmo de Montepessulano…filius Agnetis feminæ"[320]. The Anales Toledanos record the death in 1208 of “la Reyna Doña Sancha Daragon, filla del Emperador” and her burial “en Sixena”[321]. King Alfonso II & his wife had nine children: 1. Infante don PEDRO de Aragón ([1174/76]-killed in battle Muret 14 Sep 1213, bur priory of San Juan de Sijena). He succeeded his father in 1195 as PEDRO II "el Católico" King of Aragon, Conde de Barcelona, Gerona, Osona, Besalú, Comte de Cerdagne/Cerdaña et de Roussillon. He was crowned at Rome by Pope Innocent III [1205]. m (Montpellier 15 Jun 1204) as her third husband, MARIE de Montpellier Dame de Montpellier, widow (firstly) of RAYMOND GEOFFROY "Barral" Vicomte de Marseille and divorced wife (secondly) of BERNARD [IV] Comte de Comminges, daughter of GUILLAUME [VIII] Seigneur de Montpellier & his wife Eudoxia Komnene (-Rome 21 Apr 1213). 2. Infanta doña CONSTANZA de Aragón ([1179]-Catania 23 Jun 1222, bur Palermo Cathedral). She was crowned Empress at Rome with her husband 22 Nov 1220[348]. m firstly (1198) IMRE King of Hungary, son of BÉLA III King of Hungary & his first wife Agnès [Anna] de Châtillon-sur-Loing (1174-30 Nov 1204, Eger Cathedral). m secondly (Feb 1210) as his first wife, FRIEDRICH King of Sicily, son of Emperor HEINRICH VI King of Germany [Hohenstaufen] & his wife Constanza of Sicily (Iesi, Ancona 26 Dec 1194-Castel Fiorentino near Lucera, Foggia, of dysentery 13 Dec 1250, bur 25 Feb 1251 Palermo Cathedral). He was elected FRIEDRICH II King of Germany 5 Dec 1212 at Frankfurt-am-Main, crowned at Mainz 9 Dec 1212 and at Aachen 25 Jul 1215. Crowned Emperor in Rome 22 Nov 1220. 3. Infante don ALFONSO BERENGUER de Aragón ([1180]-Palermo Feb 1209). He succeeded his father in 1195 as ALFONSO II Comte de Provence, Millau & Razès. 4. Infanta doña LEONOR de Aragón ([1182]-Feb 1226). m (Jan 1203) as his fifth wife, RAYMOND VI Comte de Toulouse, son of RAYMOND V Comte de Toulouse & his wife Constance de France (27 Oct 1156-Toulouse 2 Aug 1222). No issue. 5. Infante don RAMÓN BERENGUER de Aragón (-young). 6. Infante doña SANCHA de Aragón ([1186]-shortly after 1241). m (Jan [1211], divorced 1241) as his first wife, RAYMOND de Toulouse, son of RAYMOND VI Comte de Toulouse & his third wife Joan of England (Beaucaire, Gard Jul 1197-Millau, Aveyron 27 Sep 1249, bur Fontevraud). He succeeded his father in 1222 as RAYMOND VII Comte de Toulouse. 7. Infante don FERNANDO de Aragón ([1190]-1249). Cistercian monk. Abbot of Montearagón. He resented being excluded from the Regency in 1214 on the succession of his nephew King Jaime I. He was a member of the league of magnates which organised opposition to King Jaime in Aragon, and was finally defeated in 1227. 8. Infanta doña DULCIA de Aragón ([1192]-). A nun at Sijena. ** from The Medieval Crown of Aragon (T.N. Bisson) pp 35-- When Ramon Berenguer IV died unexpectedly in Piedmont in August 1162, his eldest son was a child of five named Ramon. His succession to the 'honours' of Aragon and Barcelona was regulated according to his father's will in an assembly of Aragonese and Catalonia magnates at Huesca in October 1162; and there or soon thereafter, in significantly related acts, his name was changed to Alfonso (II in Aragon; Alfons I in Catalonia) and he received the royal title to Aragon that his faher had never bourne. Nominally the protee of Henry Plantagenet, the boy-king was supervised for many years by advisors of his two realms. Their vigilance in external affairs, confirming Alphonse in his birthright impartiality toward his peples, did much to secure the monarchial union durng its first half century. ...In January 1174 Alphonse II was knighted, married Sancha of Castile, and issued a new coinage of Aragon in a festive court at Zaragoza attended chiefly by Aragonese magnates. He had already encouraged continued expansion toward Valencia. Withe the founding of Teruel (1169-71) and the eath of King 'Lobo' (1172), the time seemed ripe for atacking Valencia, and opportunity that was lost when Sancho VI of Navarre invaded Aragon. ...Provence might have remained in the hands of a cadet branch of the dynasty of Barcelona if Ramon Berenguer III had not been killed in 1166 without leaving a male heir. At this juncture Alphonse's advisers, goaded by Guilhem VII of Montpellier, seized Provence, thereby flouting the claim of the late count's daughter who had been betrothed to the count of Toulouse. This led to the renewal of conflict between Barcelona and Toulouse. The fighting... ended first in a truce influenced byHenry II in 1173, and then in the peace of Tarascon (1176), which reaffirmned the rights of Alphonse with compensation to the count of Toulouse. When the king's brother, called Ramon Berenguer IV in Provence (1166-81), me a violent death in his turn, another brother, Sanc, was appointed, only to be dismissed in 1185. The count-king now intended to rule Provence more directly, apppointing the count of Foix as his procurator, and adding to his own titles that of 'marquis of Provence'. He found support in the rise of a legitimist sentiment in Provence based on the rights of his paternal grandmother Dolca; and he was able, for the same reason, to vindicae his dynastic claim to Millau, Gevaudan, and the Carlades. But his success in Provence cost Alphonse II support elsewhere in the Midi. By 1176 most of the magnates of lower Occitania, including the viscount of Beziers, had aligned themselves with Toulouse. To counter these defections the king cultivated the Pyrenean borderlands, securing the vassalage of Maria of Bearn in 1170, that of Centulle of Bigorre by granting him the Val d'Aran in 1175, and the fidelity of Roger-Bernard of Foix. Such was the situation when the churchmen at the Third Lateran Council resolved in 1179 to combat heresy actively, a decision that rendered the lands of Beziers-Carcassonne particularly vulnerable in the existing political circumstances. In November 1179 Viscount Roger II dramaticaly upset the Touousan hegemony by commending himself and his lands to Alphonse II, thus renewing an old tie that had been repeatedly undone. This windfall brought Catalonian dynastic influence in Occitania to a new peak. Strengthened on his northern frontiers, Alphone II returnd to Hispanic affairs in his later years. He abandoned (1189-90) the alliance with Alfonso VIII of Castile, who had continued to be tempted by Aragonese borderlands and who had allied with Frederick Barbarossa, nominally lord of Provence. Alphone II undertook agreements with Navarre which culminated in 1191 in a more general pact, extended to include Leon and Portugal, against Castile. But the defeat of Alfonso VIII by the Almohads at Alarcos in 1195 lent urgency to an effort by Pope Celestine III... to unite the peninsular realms against Islam. Late in 1195 Alphone II made a pilgrimage to Compostela in the course of which he encouraged such a crusade, but the enterprise was frustrated by his own death--he was not yet forty--in April 1196. ** from Wikipedia listing for Alfonso II of Aragon as of 6/1/2016 Alfonso II (1–25 March 1157[1][2][3] – 25 April 1196), called the Chaste or the Troubadour, was the King of Aragon and, as Alfons I, the Count of Barcelona from 1164 until his death.[1][4] He was the son of the count Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona and the Queen Petronilla of Aragon and the first King of Aragon who was also Count of Barcelona. He was also Count of Provence from 1166 or shortly before,[5] which he acquired from Countess Douce II, until 1173, when he ceded it to his brother Berenguer. His reign has been characterised by nationalistic and nostalgic Catalan historians, as l'engrandiment occitànic or "the Pyrenean unity": a great scheme to unite various lands on both sides of the Pyrenees under the rule of the House of Barcelona.[6] Reign Born at Huesca,[2] Alfonso, called indistinctly from birth Alfonso and Ramon,[7] ascended the united throne of Aragon and Barcelona as Alfonso, in deference to the Aragonese, to honour Alfonso I.[8] For most of his reign he was allied with Alfonso VIII of Castile, both against Navarre and against the Moorish taifa kingdoms of the south. In his Reconquista effort Alfonso pushed as far as Teruel, conquering this important stronghold on the road to Valencia in 1171. The same year saw him capturing Caspe. Apart from common interests, kings of Aragon and Castile were united by a formal bond of vassalage the former owed to the latter. Besides, on January 18, 1174, in Zaragoza Alfonso married Infanta Sancha of Castile, sister of the Castilian king.[9] Another milestone in this alliance was the Treaty of Cazorla between the two kings in 1179, delineating zones of conquest in the south along the watershed of the rivers Júcar and Segura. Southern areas of Valencia including Denia were thus secured to Aragon. Alfonso also reached an agreement, the Treaty of Sangüesa (1168), with Sancho VI of Navarre dividing the territory of the taifa of Murcia between them. During his reign Aragonese influence north of the Pyrenees reached its zenith, a natural tendency given the affinity between the Occitan and Catalan dominions of the Crown of Aragon. His realms incorporated not only Provence (from 1166 or just before),[5] but also the counties of Cerdanya (1168) and Roussillon (inherited in 1172).[10] Béarn and Bigorre paid homage to him in 1187. Alfonso's involvement in the affairs of Languedoc, which would cost the life of his successor, Peter II of Aragon, for the moment proved highly beneficial, strengthening Aragonese trade and stimulating emigration from the north to colonise the newly reconquered lands in Aragon. In 1186, he helped establish Aragonese influence in Sardinia when he supported his cousin Agalbursa, the widow of the deceased Judge of Arborea, Barison II, in placing her grandson, the child of her eldest daughter Ispella, Hugh, on the throne of Arborea in opposition to Peter of Serra. Alfonso II provided the first land grant to the Cistercian monks on the banks of the Ebro River in the Aragon region, which would become the site of the first Cistercian monastery in this region. The Monasterio de Piedra was founded in 1194 with thirteen monks from Poblet Monastery, in an old castle next to the Piedra river, the Real Monasterio de Nuestra Senora de Rueda was founded in 1202 and utilized some of the first hydrological technology in the region for harnessing water power and river diversion for the purpose of building central heating. He died at Perpignan in 1196. Literary patronage and poetry He was a noted poet of his time and a close friend of King Richard the Lionheart. One tensó, "Be·m plairia, Seingner En Reis",[11] apparently composed by him and Giraut de Bornelh, forms part of the poetical debate as to whether a lady is dishonoured by taking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a partimen on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid to the emperor Manuel's golden camel. Marriage and descendants Wife, Sancha of Castile, daughter of king Alfonso VII of Castile, b. 1155 or 1157, d. 1208 Constance, married Emeric of Hungary and later Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor Eleanor, married Raymond VI of Toulouse Peter the Catholic, successor Douce (Dolça), nun Alfonso, Count of Provence Ferdinand, Abbot of Montearagon, d. after 1227 Ramon Berenguer, d. in the 1190s Sancha of Aragon, married Raymond VII of Toulouse, in March 1211. They had one daughter, Joan, and were divorced in 1241. References Benito Vicente de Cuéllar (1995), «Los "condes-reyes" de Barcelona y la "adquisición" del reino de Aragón por la dinastía bellónida», p. 630-631; in Hidalguía. XLIII (252) pp. 619–632. "Alfonso II el Casto, hijo de Petronila y Ramón Berenguer IV, nació en Huesca en 1157;". Cfr. Josefina Mateu Ibars, María Dolores Mateu Ibars (1980). Colectánea paleográfica de la Corona de Aragon: Siglo IX-XVIII. Universitat Barcelona, p. 546. ISBN 84-7528-694-1, ISBN 978-84-7528-694-5. Antonio Ubieto Arteta (1987). Historia de Aragón. Creación y desarrollo de la Corona de Aragón. Zaragoza: Anúbar, pp. 177–184 § "El nacimiento y nombre de Alfonso II de Aragón". ISBN 84-7013-227-X. Ernest Belenguer (2006), "Aproximación a la historia de la Corona de Aragón", p. 26, in Ernest Belenguer, Felipe V. Garín Llombart and Carmen Morte García, La Corona de Aragón. El poder y la imagen de la Edad Media a la Edad Moderna (siglos XII – XVIII), Sociedad Estatal para la Acción Cultural Exterior (SEACEX); Generalitat Valenciana and Ministerio de Cultura de España: Lunwerg, pp. 25–53. ISBN 84-9785-261-3 Víctor Balaguer. § "Muerte del Conde de Provenza. Guerras entre el Rey de Aragón y el Conde de Tolosa. Don Alfonso se apodera de la Provenza. (De 1166 a 1168)", in Historia de Cataluña y de la Corona de Aragon. Barcelona: Salvador Manero, 1861, vol. II, book V chap. 2, pp. 11–18. T. N. Bisson, "The Rise of Catalonia: Identity, Power, and Ideology in a Twelfth-Century Society," Annales: Economies, Sociétés, Civilisations, xxxix (1984), translated in Medieval France and her Pyrenean Neighbours: Studies in Early Institutional History (London: Hambledon, 1989), pp. 179. Ubieto (1987:184–186) Luis Suárez Fernández (1976). Historia de España Antigua y Media. Madrid: Rialp, p. 599. ISBN 978-84-321-1882-1. Ubieto (1987:202) Gerardo II of Rosellon (1164–1174) willed in his testament that "the entire Rosellon I give to my lord the king of Aragón" for the loyalty that he had in his sovereign, Alphonso II, who was immediately recognized as king in Perpignan. See José Ángel Sesma Muñoz (2000). La Corona de Aragón. Zaragoza: CAI (Colección Mariano de Pano y Ruata, 18), pp. 59–60. Ruth Harvey and Linda Paterson. "The Troubadour Tensos and Partimens. A Critical Edition", Cambridge 2010, pp. 699-705

  
  

• Sources

  [S72] The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File (TM), (June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998).