Eve

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• Name	, Eve
  Birth	4000 BC/3840 BC
  Gender	Female
  _TAG	Reviewed on FS
  _TAG	Temple
  Death	DECEASED
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  Person ID	I40994	Joseph Smith Sr and Lucy Mack Smith
  Last Modified	19 Aug 2021

  
  

  Family	Father Adam ,   b. 4000 BC/3840 BC   d. 3070 BC/2816 BC
  Children	3 sons and 1 daughter
  + 1. ADAM, Cain ben ,   b. Abt 3994/4148 BC, Adam-Ondi-Ahman, Eden Adam-Ondi-Ahman, Edend. Bef 3000/3184 BC   2. ADAM, Abel ben ,   b. 3927 BC/3840 BC, Olaha, Shinehah, Eden Olaha, Shinehah, Edend. 3905 BC/3840 BC, Olaha, Shinehah, Eden + 3. ADAM, Seth ben ,   b. 3870 BC/3840 BC   d. 2958 BC/2816 BC + 4. ADAM, Azura bat ,   b. 3870 BC/3840 BC, Eden Edend. 2958 BC/2816 BC, Eden
  Family ID	F7011	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	24 Jan 2022

  
  

• Notes

  Royal Ancestors ... by Michael Call with inserts added by Gerald B. Hancock Adam is the Father (and Patriarch) of all of the human family. He is the ancestor of all persons who ever lived on this earth. In the pre-existent life, he was known as Michael the Archangel. When Lucifer and one-third of the hosts of heaven rebelled against the Father, Michael led the righteous forces in the war of heaven. He participated with Christ in the creation of all human inhabitants in the image of God. When he and Eve "fell" in the Garden, their bodies became mortal and subject to death. The fall of Adam, by introducing sin and death into the world, made necessary the mission of a Savior to overcome both sin and death. (The aggregate of the scriptures certifies that his transgression in the Garden of Eden, although designated as a "fall", was necessary to the advancement and spiritual progress of humanity on the earth - Adam fell that men might be; and men are, that they might have joy. - 2 Nephi 2:25). Bibly Dictionary p 604. One of the greatest spiritual gatherings of all the ages took place in the Valley of Adam-ondi-Ahman shortly before the death of Adam some five thousand years ago. The Lord has revealed: "Three years previous to the death of Adam, he called Seth, Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, who were all high priests, with the residue of his posterity who were righteous, into the valley of Adam-ondi-Ahman, and there bestowed upon them his last blessing. And the Lord appeared unto them, and they rose up and blessed Adam, they called him Michael, the prince, the archangel. And the Lord administered comfort unto Adam, and said unto him: I have set thee to be at the head; a multitude of nations shall come of thee, thou art a prince over them forever. And Adam stood up in the midst of the congregation; and notwithstanding he was bowed down with age, being full of the Holy Ghost, predicted whatsoever should befall his posterity unto the latest generation. These things were all written in the book of Enoch, and are to be testified of in due time. D&C 107:53-57 (We testify of the help of the Lord in gathering these descendants of Abraham - our ancestors in this database. We have simple been instruments in His hands in providing this wonderfully important genealogy. As promised in the last book of the Old Testament -- Malachi 4:5 "Behold, I will send you Elijah the Prophet before the coming of the great dreadful day of the Lord and he shall 'turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers, lest I come and smith the earth with a curse.") D&C 107:53-57 Shortly before the Second Coming of Christ, Adam will again visit the earth and preside over an important council at Adam-ondi-Ahman. There he will receive an accounting from those who have held the keys of authority in the various dispensations. Christ will then come to the gathering and receive back the keys, thus taking one of the final steps leading to His Coming in Glory and personal reign upon the earth.David and Alice Turley December 2010 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Early Families of the Earth by Edward J. Brandt Bible Genesis 3:20; Moses 4:26 4:26, 5:1-2. Indonesian translation is Ish Ish for Eve and Ish for Adam. -------------------- House of Israel by E. L. Whitehead Ancient Pedigrees of the Polynesians - (pp 472 - 483) One of the most amazing customs of the Polynesians is that of memory recording their history and the pedigrees of their ancestors. Although some simple forms of hieroglyphics were used by the Maoris, the practice did not extend beyond that area to the rest of the islands. There was no form of written language except in the simple scroll and a few wood carvings which denoted certain historical events. The primitive scrolls are described by Mr. Frederick Ingham as being similar to the figures employed by the Aztecs of Mexico and Southern California "and both are not greatly different from the ancient Egyptians." These simple methods were not inclusive enough to keep the countless pedigrees and historical events held very sacred to the peopled. In the absence of adequate written forms, the natives turned to the practice of memorizing their pedigrees and the events connected with them, extending back to the time of Adam. It became the duty of the ruling chief to memorize the legends, chants, and genealogies of his tribe back to the very beginning. The first-born males of the families were also required to remember the pedigrees of their own family. In the absence of a capable person to keep the records, the next of kin was appointed. It was their duty to recite their histories at any time and so constant practice was necessary. The story is told of one Maori chief who could recite his pedigrees for a period of two day. This habit is undisputable evidence of the influence of early Israel and later the Nephites, both of whom were trained compilers of the pedigrees of their peopled. It is believed that fewer errors have crept into the memorized pedigrees of the Hawaiians, Tahitians, and Europeans. So accurate have they become that genealogists throughout the world accept them without question. The Church recognizes their authenticity and authorizes their use in the ordinances for the dead. Wm. A. Cole, during his mission as a special representative of the Church in Hawaii compiled nine volumes of these pedigrees amounting to 2,700 pages, now part of the authentic and accepted Polynesian Library of the Genealogical Society of Utah. All the names and events chronicled in the volumes came from the oral recitations of the heads of tribes in Polynesia. The pedigree charts contained in this work are but a sample of the tremendous effort that has been put forth by the Islandsers in their attempt to preserve for posterity the records of their ancestors. Pedigree of Kamehameha I - The pedigree of Kamehameha I, great modern king of Hawaii, is of great interest to us in this study of Israel for it reveals a third witness to the survival of Israel in the world, defining the course of descent from Kumu Honua (Adam) to the latest generation. (In this chapter will be printed only those generations which have to do with the first progenitors. The thirty-five generations described by the Polynesians establish the Polynesians as a very definite branch of Israel. In order to appreciate the detailed history which accompanies them the student should have access to the Book of Genesis in the Bibled. He should remember also that these histories and pedigrees were all kept orally at first. (Need to continue to include the remaining genealogy.) ----------------------------------- A WALK IN THE GARDEN WITH EVE (Quotes from Beverly Campbell presentation of June 2, 2010.) "The same God that placed that star in a precise orbit millennia before it appeared over Bethlehem in celebration of the birth of the Babe has given at least equal attention to placement of each of us in precise human orbits so that we may, if we will, illuminate the landscape of individual lives, so that out light may not lead othes but warm them as well." Neal A. Maxwell "Such was the problem before out first parents; to remain forever at selfish ease in the Garden of Eden, or to face unselfishly tributation and death, in bringing to pass the purposes of the Lord for a host of waiting spirit children. They chose the latter." John A.Widtsoe "And he (the serpent) sought to beguild Eve, for he knew not the mind of God, wherefore he sought to destroy the world. Moses 4:6 "What is meant by partaking of the fruit . . . is that our first parents complied with whatever laws were involved so that their bodies would change from their state of paradisiacal immortality to a state of natural mortality." Bruce R. McConkie "The fall came by transgression of a law, but there was not sin connected to it." Boyd K. Packer "Her act, whatever its nature, was formally a transgression but eternally a glorious necessity to open the doorway toward eternal life." Dallin H. Oaks "When man fell--through that was designed in the economy, there was nothing about it mysterious or unknown . . . it was all planned. But when man fell, the earth fell into space, and took up its abode in the planetry system, and the sun became our light." Brigham Young "Adam and Eve did the very thing the Lord intended. If we had the original record we would see the purpose of the fall clearly stated and its necessity explained." Joseph Fielding Smith "Usually . . . one is of greater import than the other -- the greater law -- rather than that which cliefly benefits ourselves -- the lesser law. The greater must be chosen whether it be law or thing. That was the choice made in Eden." John A. Widtsoe "I like to regard Eve as His masterpiece. The final work before He rested from His labors." Gordon B. Hinckley ". . . The heavens gradually opened, and (they) saw a golden throne, on a circular foundation, ad on the throne sat a man and a woman, having white hair and clothed in white garments. They were the two most beautiful and perfect specimens of mankind (he had) ever (seen). Joseph said, 'They are our first parents,' Adam and Eve." Writings of Zebedee Coltrin ---------------------------------- This website is maintained by Bartly and Jaqui Betts from Snohomish, Washington. Brigham Young University 1992 - The Human Race: by John Paul Pratt, fully documented. (Each of the names in capitals is contained on the chart - 2 pages of the magazine.) THE HUMAN RACE: by John Paul Pratt, fully documented. 27 Apr 1992. NOTES FOR ADAM 27 Apr 1992 Page 1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Human Race: (by John Paul Pratt, fully documented) as in this Turley Database. KNOWN children of Adam: CAIN ABEL SETH had was slain had Enoch Enos had had Irad Cainan had had Methujael Mahalaleel had had Methusael Jared had had Lamech Enoch (God took him) had two wives had Adah had Jabal and Jubal had Zillah Lamech had had Tubalcain & Noah Naamah, his sister had Shem, Ham, Japeth Posterity of Japeth had seven sons, as follows, with their known posterity. Gomer Galatians (Galls), The Francum, dwelling in the land of Franza, by the river Franza, by the river Senah had Ashkenaz Rhegmians and Riphath - Paphlagonians, the Bartonim, dwelling in Bartonia by the river Ledah which empaties into the great sea Gibon and Togarmah - Phrygians, spread north, by river Italac who had 10 sons Buzar, Parzunac, Balgar, Elicanum, Ragbib, Tarki, Bid, Zebuc, Ongal and Tilmaz. Magog - Scythians had Elichanaf, and Lubal Madai - Medes, the Orelum, dwelling in the land of Curson had Achon, and Zeelo, and Chazoni, and Lot Javan - Ionia and all the Grecians, the Javanim, dwelling in the land of Makdonia had Elishah - Aeolians, the Almanim, dwelling between mountains of Job and Shibathmo, including people of Lumbardi who conquered Italia and Tarshish - Tharsians (Cilicia) and Kittim - Cyprus, the Romim, in valley of Canopia, by river Tibreu and Dodanim - dwell in the cities of the sea Gihon, in the land of Bordna Tubal - Iberes, those who dwell in the land of Tuskanah, by the river Pashiah; daughters of Tubal were the fairest women in all the earth had Ariphi and Kesed and Taari Meshech - appadocians, the Shibashni had Dedon and Zaron and Shebashni Tiras - Thracians, the Rushash, Cushni, and Ongolis; dwelling by the sea Jabus by the river Cura, which empties into the river Tragan. Posterity of Shem, b. 1548, d. 2158 had five sons, as follows with their known posterity Elam - Persians had Sushan and Machul - who had Tamar - Judah and Harmon - Asshur - Assyrians had Mirus -- Bela Mokil Arphaxed - b. 1658, d. 2096 - Chaldeans had Salah - b. 1693, d. 2126 who had Eber - b. 1723, d. 2187 who had Peleg - b. 1757, d. 1996 who had Reu - b. 1787, d. 2026 who had Serug - b. 1819, d. 2049 who had Nahor - b. 1849, d. 1997 who had Terah - b. 1878 d. 2083 Amthelo - f. Cornebo their children Haran - b. 1916, d. 1998, in Ur of the Chaldees. had Lot - b. 1957, d. 2087, md. Ado and Milcah - b. 1957, md. Nahor and Nahor - b. 1916, d. 2088, md. Milcah, b. 1957, dau of Haran and Abram (Abraham) - b. 1948, d. 2123, md. 1. Sarai, b. 1958, d. 2085 Terah again b. 1878, d. 2083 Pelilah their children Zoba - b. 2058 his children Aram - b. 2088, who had dau Mechalia, who married BENJAMIN and Zoba had also Achlis and Merik and Eber had also Joktan, who had Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, Obal, Abimael - who had dau Hadurah who md. ASHER, Sheba, Ophir, Havilah, Jobab, who had dau Adinah, who md. LEVI dau Aridah, who md. ISSACHAR. Posterity of Ham - b. 1556, who had five sons shown with their known posterity Cush - Ethiopians, his sons, Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah - who had Sheba and Dedan Sabtecha NIMROD - b. 1908, d. 2123 had Mardon Mizraim - Egyptians who had Ludim Anamim Lehabim Naphtuhim Pathrusim Casluhim, who had Philistim and Caphtorim Phut - Libya who had Gebul Hadan Benah Adan Canaan - Judea who had Sidon Heth, who had Epher, who had Beeri, who had Judith who md. ESAU and who had Elon, who had dau Adah, (Bashemath) Amori Gergashi Hivi, who had the following descendants Hur, who had Seir, who had Lotan, who had Hori and Heman, and dau Timna, who md. Eliphaz and Shobal, who had had ESAU Alvan Manahath Ebal Shepho Onan and Seir had also Zibeon, who had Ajah and Anah, who md. Marzith, and had ESAU and Seir also had Anah, who had Dishon and dau Aholibamah who md. ESAU Seir also had Dishon, who had Hemdan Eshban Ithran Cheran and Seir also had Ezer, who had Bilhan, who md. Puith, dau ESAU, and had Azar Zaavan Akan and Seir also had Dishan, who had Us Aran Canaan also had Arkee and Seni, who had Avi, who had dau Eliuram, who md. REUBEN and dau Bunah who md. SIMEON and Shuah who had dau Aliyath who md. JUDAH and Canaan also had Arodi Zimodi Chamothi Pharoh - Egyptus Posterity of Abraham's Brothers Terah - b. 1878, d. 2083, md. Amathelo Had Haran - b. 1916, d. 1998, Had Lot - b. 1957, d. 2087, md. Ado had dau Paltith - b. 2025, d. 2047 Another dau who had Moab, who had Ed Mayon Tarsus, who had Chamudan, who had dau Aphlaleth, who md. DAN Kanvil Another dau of Lot who had Benammi (Ammon) Terah had also Nahor - b. 1916, d. 2088, md. Milcah, b. 1957, dau Haran who had eight sons, shown with known posterity had Huz, who had Abi, Cheref Gadin, who had Amuram, who had dau Merimah who md. NAPHTALI and dau Uzith who md. GAD Melus Deborah (Rebekah's nurse) Buz, who had Berachel Naamath Sheva Madonu Kemel, who had Aram Rechob Chesed, who had Anamlech Meshai Benon Yifi Hazo, who had Pildash Mechi Opher Pildash, who had Arud Chamum Mered Moloch Jidlaph, who had Mushan Cushan Mutzi Bethuel, who had Sechar Laban, who md. Adinah, and had Leah (twin) b. 2163, d. 2214 Rachel (twin) b.2163, d. 2208 Beor b. 2189 Alib Chorash REBEKAH - b. 2074?, d. 2207, md. ISSAC Nahor again, - b. 1916, d. 2088, md. 2. Reumah and had Tebah Gaham Thahash Maachah Posterity of Abraham, b. 1948, d. 2123, md. 1. Sarah, b. 1958, d. 2085 Had Isaac - b. 2048, d. 2228, md. Rebeckah Abraham md. Hagar, had Ishmael, b. 2035, d. 2172 md. 1. Meribah (Ribah had Nebajoth, who had Mend Send Mayon Kedar, who had Alyon Kezem Chamad Eli Adbeel, who had Chamad Jabin Mibsam, who had Obadiah Ebedmelech Yesuh Bashemath (Mahalath), a dau who md. ESAU Ishmael md. 2. Malchuth, and had Mishma, who had Shamua Ebedmelech Yeushf Dumah, who had Kezed Eli Machmad Armed Massa, who had Melon Mula Ebidadon Hadar, who had Azur Minzar, who had Aphlal, who had dau Adon who md. ASHER Ebedmelech Tema, who had Seir Sadon Yakol Jetur, who had Merith Yaish Alvo Pachoth Naphish, who had Ebed-Tamed Abivasaph Mir Kedemah, who had Calip Tachti Omir Abraham md. 3. Keturah, and had Zimran, - - - -Shomron, who had dau Aribath, md. BENJAMIN Abihen Molich Narim Jokshan, who had Sheba Desdan, who had Asshurim Letushim Leummim Medan, who had Amida Joab Gochi Elisha Nothach Midian, who had Ephah, who had Methach Meshar Avi Tzanua and Epher, who had Ephron Zur Alirun Medin Hanock, who had Reuel (Jethro) who had dau Zipporah who me. MOSES Rekem Azi Alyoshub Alad and Abida, who had Chur Melud who had dau Merishah who md, Zebulun Kerury Molchi and Eldaah, who had Miker Reba Malchivah Gabol Abraham had Ishbak, who had Makiro Beyodua Tator Abraham had Shuah, who had Bildad Mamdad Munan Meban Posterity of Isaac Isaac - b. 2048, d. 2228 md. Rebekah - b. 2074 ?, d. 2207 Their children, with known descendants Esau (twin) - b. 2108, md. 1. Judith had daughters Marzith Puith Esau - md. 2. Adah dau of Elon the Hittite had Eliphaz - b. 2173 had Teman Omar Zepho Gatam Kenaz and by Concubine Timna had Amalek Esau also md. Bashemath, who in Gen. 26, is said to be the dau of Elon the Hittite, and in 36:2 "and Bashemath, Ishmael's daughter. And in 28:9 Then went Esau unto Ishmael, and took unto the wives which he had Mahalath, the dau of Ishmael. The pedigree by John Paul Pratt shows only wives Judith, Adah, Bashemath and Aholibamah, referred to in Gen. 26:2. and I have followed his chart. had by Bashemath Ruel - b. 2188 who had Nahath Zerah Shammah Mizzah Esau had by Aholibamah Jeush who had Timna Alvah Jetheth Jaalam who had Elah Pinon Kenaz Korah who had Teman Mibzar Magdiel Iram And Isaac had Jacob (twin to Esau) - b. 2108, d. 2255, md. 1. Leah and had Reuben - b. 2192, d. 2317, md. Eliuram, and had Hanock Phallu Hezon Carmi Simeon - b. 2193, d. 2313, md. 2. Bunah, and had Shaul Levi - b. 2194, d. 2331, md. Adinah, and had Gershon Kohath, who had Amran, who md. Jochebed, and had Miriam, dau Elisheba, dau AARON - b. 2365, d. 2488 MOSES - b. 2368, d. 2488, md. 3. Zipporah Merari Jochebed, dau, who md. Amram, above Judah - b. 2195, d. 2324, 1. Tamar they had Pharez Zerah Judah again, and 4. Aliyath they had Er Onan Shelah Issachar - 2197, d. 2324, md. 1. Airdah they had Tola Phuvah Job Shimron Zebulun - b. 2198, d. 2310, md. 3. Merishah they had Sered Elon Jahleel Dinah - daughter who married Jas. they had Jemuel Jamin Ohad Jachin Zophar Jacob had by Bilah Dan - b. 2195, who md. 2. Aphlaleth and they had Husim Naphtali - b. 2196, d. 2327, md. 2. Merimah and they had Jahzeel Guni Jezer Shillem Jacob had by Zilpha Gad - b. 2196, d. 2321, md. 2. Uzith they had Ziphion Haggi Shuni Ezbon Eri Arodi Areli Asher - b. 2197, . 2320, md. 1. Hadurah they had Jimna Ishuah Isui Beriah Jacob had by Rachel Joseph - b. 2199, d. 2309, md. Asenath, dau of Potipherah, son they had of Ahiram MANASSEH, who had Ehi (Ahiram) Rosh Muppim Huppim Ard EPHRIAM, some of whose family were slain by the men of Gath who who came to steal their cattle out of the land of Goshen. "and Ephriam their father mourned many days, and his brethren came to comfort him." His know sons are the following: Shuthelah, the eldest son. Bered Tahan Benjamin - b. 2208, md. 1. Mechalia they had Belah Becher Ashbel Gera Naaman Benjamin md. 3. Aaaribath TABLE OF NATIONS Adam md. Eve ______________________________________________________________l l l Cain Seth Abel l l Enoch Enos l l Irad Cainan l l Mehujael Mahalaleel l l Methusael Jared l l Lamech Enoch l l md. Adah l md. Zillah Methuselah ________l________ l l l l Jubal Tubal-cain l Jubal Naamah Lamech l l Noah l l FLOOD /l FLOOD __________________________l_____________________l l l Ham _________Shem Japhethl l l l ___________l__________ l l _________________________________l l l l l l l l l l l l l Cush l Phut l Egyptus Elam Arphaxed Magog l Gomer l Meshech l Tirosl l l l l l l l l l Mizraim Canaan l Madai l Tubal l l l l l Salah l Javan Nimrod l l First Pharaoh l ______l________ l v l of Egypt Eber______ l l l l (Philistines) l l l l l l l _____l__________l__________ l l l l l /l l l l l l l l l ____l______l v l l l l l l l l l Sidon Amorites Heth Peleg Joktan l l lElishahl Kittimv l l l l l (Hittites) l l l l Tarshish Reu Ashkenoz l Targarmahl l Serug Riphath l Nahor l Terah l ____________________________________l_____________________________l l l Nahor md. Milcah Abraham Haran l l___________________ _______________l l l ll l l l l md. Sarah m.Hagar m.Keturah l l l ll l l lLot l Sarah l Bethuel l l l l l l l ____l________ Isaac Ishmael Midian l Milcah Iscah l l ____________ md. Rebekah l l l Laban Rebekah l l l l l _____________ l____ l l 12 Princes l l l l l l l Moab Benammi Leah Rachel Esau Jacob Jethro v v _________________________l____________ (Moabites)(Ammonites) l l l l md. Leah md. Bilah md.Zilpah md. Rachel l l l l_______________l l l l l Reuben Dan Gad Joseph Benjamin Simeon Naphtali Asher l l Levi l Judah __________l______________ Issachar l l Zebulun Manasseh Ephriam NOTE: Families are not necessarily complete as shown. Spellings are as in Genesis for names appearing there. There are many lineages purporting to go back to Adam and I have found several for our family, but always there are those who dispute them. It is of course very likely that mistakes have been made when going back so far. ---------------------------------------- The Children of Ephriam By Archibald F. Bennett One of the marvelous developments of the latter days, to which all members of the Church are looking forward with high anticipation, will be the coming of the time when the native races of America, the Indians or Lamanites, will learn of the noble forefathers from whom they are descended, and of the blessings they inherit because of that lineage. The Prophet Joseph Lehi, glimpsing down the vista of many centuries, foretold this time: "And at that day shall the remnant of our seed know that they are of the house of Israel, and that they are the covenant people of the Lord; and then shall they know and come to the knowledge of their forefathers." The period cannot new be far distant when these tribes will discover with joy that they are indeed descended from Abraham and Jacob and Joseph; and that they shall assist in the fulfilment of the covenant the Lord made with these fathers of old that in their seed shall all the kindreds of the earth be blessed. For this covenant, we are told, "should be fulfilled in the latter days." (I Nephi 15:18.) Many Latter-day Saints not of Lamanite descent, however, in looking forward to these dramatic discoveries, lose sight of the fact that equally wonderful pre- dictions have been made concerning them and their own lineage; and that they too are destined, if they prove faithful in obeying the commands of God, to learn of the long lines of their progenitors and find that the chain of life extends back from them to the noblest and choicest men and women who have ever lived. How aptly the words of Mormon apply to us, as well as to the descendants of father Lehi: "Know ye that ye are of the house of Israel....Know ye that ye must come to the knowledge of your fathers....and if ye believe this, ye will know concerning your fathers, and also the marvellous works which were wrought by the power of God among them; And ye will also know that ye are a remnant of the seed of Jacob; therefore ye are numbered among the people of the first covenant." Mormon 7, 2, 5, 9, 10. We have long boldly proclaimed to the world that the members of this Church are of the chosen seed of Israel. For this we have no less authority than the revelations of the Lord lhimself. He has said, "For ye are the children of Israel, and of the seed of Abraham." (Doc. and Cov. 103:17.) The Prophet Joseph Smith was declared to be of the loins of Abraham, a descendant of Joseph who was sold into Egypt, and "a pure Ephraimite." Brigham Young once taught: "You have heard Joseph say that the people did not know him; he had his eyes on the relation to blood-relations. Some have supposed that he meant spirit, but it was the blood-relation. This is it that he referred to. His descent from Joseph that was sold into Egypt was direct, and the blood was pure in him. That is why the Lord chose him and we are pure when this blood strain from Ephriam comes down pure. The decrees of the Almighty will be exalted--that blood which was in him was pure and he had the sole right and lawful power, as he was the legal heir to the blood that has been on the earth and has come down through a pure lineage. The union of various ancestors kept that blood pure." (Gen. Mag. Vol 2, p 107.) Joseph Smith declared that wherever the Church was established there should be a Patriarch chosen, "even the oldest man of the blood of Joseph or the seed of Abraham," to bestow patriarchal blessings upon the Saints and among other things, make known their true lineage. Joseph Smith, Sr., was the first Patriarch of the church, which position was his by right of birth. From him the birthright and the office of Patriarch passed to his eldest surviving son, Hyrum Smith. In blessing him, Joseph Smith Sr. used these words. "I now ask my Heavenly Father to bless thee with the same blessings with which Jacob blessed his son Joseph, for thou art his true descendant, and thy posterity shall be numbered with the house of Ephriam." The right of patriarchal seniority is now vested in Patriarch Hyrum G. Smith, great-grandson of Hyrum Smith. In a recent sermon he said: "It is the policy and order of the Church at the present time to have at least one patriarch in each stake, who is authorized to bless the members of the stake, and declare their lineage in a similar way to the manner in which Jacob blessed his grandsons, and his own sons. At the present time in the Church the great majority of those receiving their blessings are declared to be of the house and lineage of Ephriam,. while many others are designated as members of the house of Manasseh; but up to the present time we have discovered that those who are leaders in Israel, no matter from where they come, no matter out of what nation they have come, are of Ephriam; while the blood of Manasseh is found in the tribes and nations of the Indians of North and South America. They are great, they are wonderfully blessed, but Ephriam seems to prevail in the greater blessings, in the greater responsibilities, and in faithfulness to the Lord's work." (Quoted from "The Day of Ephriam," Gen. Mag., Vol 30, p. 124:) Ephriam Mixed Among the Nations Those members of the Church pronounced as mostly of the lineage of Ephriam, have been gathered from many different nations and from all parts of the world. This is in accord with the prediction of the Prophet Hosea, who looked into the future and declared, "Ephriam he had mixed himself among the people." (Hosea 7:8.) On this point President Brigham Young explained: "Israel is dispersed among all the nations of the earth, the blood of Ephriam is mixed with the blood of all the earth. Abraham's seed is mingled with the rebellious seed through the whole world of mankind." (Discourses, p 669.) "We are now gathering the children of Abraham who have come through the loins of Joseph and his sons, more especially through Ephriam, whose children are mixed among all the nations of the earth. (The sons of Ephriam are wild and uncultivated, unruly, ungovernable. The spirit in them is turbulent and resolute; they are the Anglo-Saxon race, and they are upon the face of the whole earth, bearing the spirit of rule and dictation, to go forth from conquering to conquer.) They search wide creation and scan every nook and corner of this eaarth to find out what is upon and within it. I see a congregation of them before me today. No hardship will discourage these men; they will penetrate the deepest wildsd and overcome almost insurmountable difficulties to develop the treasures of the earth, to further their indomitable spirit of adventure." (Discourses, p 670.) "Ephriam has become mixed with all the nations of the earth, and it is Ephriam that is gathering together, it is Ephriam that I have been searaching for all the days of my preaching, and that is the blood which ran in my veins when I embraced the gospel." (Journal of Discourses, 2:268-269.) Truth Will Prevail These straight forward declarations once provoked in the world only merriment and ridicule. Today the idea that the Anglo-Saxon is descended from Israel has many prominent champions, and volumes of evidence have been produced in support of it. It is proposed to show, in the light of present day knowledge, that the foregoing statements of our leaders were not imaginary and far-fetched, but in entire agreement with facts now recognized as well established. The plan will be to trace the story of the children of Ephriam down through the captivity to the point where their history merges with that of the tribes which settled northern Europe and became the progenitors of the people of Scandinavia, Great Britian, Germany, France, etc. Then through some of the older existing pedigrees the chain of life will be followed from descendants of these tribes down to individuals living in typical nations of Europe; from these persons the various lines will be traced till they unite in a Puritan emigrant who sailed for New England, there to become a progenitor of numerous families among us. Prophetic History of Ephriam "Prophecy is but history reversed." Hence a scrutiny of the prophecies made pertaining to Ephriam will enable us to reconstruct much of the history of that tribe. Unto Jacob, grandfather of Ephriam, many things were made known concerning the later history of the sons of Joseph. He predicted that they should "grow into a multitude in the midst of the earth." Of Manasseh he said, "He also shall become a people, and he also shall become great;" while of Ephriam he predicted, "but truly his younger brother shall be greater than he, and his seed shall become a multitude of nations." (Gen. 48:16, 19.) But there was to come a time when all but a remnant of the seed of Joseph should be destroyed. "Let us remember the words of Jacob, before his death; for behold, he saw that a remnant of the coat of Joseph was preserved, and had not decayed. And he said, Even as this remnant of garment of my son's hath been preserved, so shall a remnant of the seed of my son's be preserved by the hand of God, and be taken unto himself, while the remainder of the seed of Joseph shall perish, even as the remnant of his garment." (Alma 46:24-26.) With Joseph the Lord made a covenant that he would preserve his seed forever; and that from among his descendants the Lord would raise up a righteous branch unto the house of Israel, which was to be broken off, but to be remembered in the covenants of the Lord in the latter days. Joseph was further promised by the Lord that in time one of his posterity would be raised up as a choice seer, who would bring to the children of Joseph a knowledge of the covenants made with their fathers in the latter days. "And his name shall be called after me; and it shall be after the name of his father. And he shall be like unto me; for the thing which the Lord shall bring forth by his hand, by the power of the Lord lshall bring my people unto salvation. (11 Nephi 3:5-8, 11-16.) Many other prophecies were recorded by Joseph of old, and these are yet to be made known. When that time comes we shall certainly learn much concerning his posterity. "And now, I, Nephi, speak concerning the prophecies of which my father hath spoken, concerning Joseph, who was carried into Egypt. For behold, he truly prophesied concerning all his seed. And the prophecies which he wrote, there are not many greater. And he prophesied concerning us, and our future generations; and they are written upon the plates of brass." (11 Nephi 4: 1-2. These plates of brass, brought by Lehi from Jerusalem contained also a record of the genealogy of the ancestors of Laban and Lehi back to Joseph. Lehi himself predicted "That these plates of brass should go forth unto all nations, kindreds, tongues and people who were of his seed. Wherefore, he said that these plates of brass should never perish; neither should they be dimmed any more by age." (1 Nephi 5:18, 19.) When Joseph died at the age of 110 years, he had lived to see Ephriam's children of the third generation. The eldest son of Ephriam was Shuthelah, and other sons were Bered and Tahan. Some of Ephriam's family were slain by the men of Gath in Egypt who came to steal their cattle out of the land of Goshen. "And Ephriam their father mourned many days, and his brethren came to comfort him. At the first enumeration taken of the Israaelites by tribes, in the wilderness of Sinai after the exodus from Egypt, in the days of Moses, the tribe of Ephriam contained 40,500 males over twenty years of age able to bear arms. But at a census forty years later their number had decreased to 32,500. At the first count Elishama, son of Ammihud, the son of Laadan, who was descended from Shuthelah, represented the tribe of Ephriam. Elishama was father to Nun, whose son Joshua became leader of all Israel after Moses. From the day of Joshua the tribe of Ephriam occupied a prominent place in Israel, especially after the separation of the northern tribes from Judah and Benjamin. At times the term Ephriam is used by the prophets to indicate the whole of the ten tribe of Israel. But even where the name is used in the more inclusive sense, it must of necessity refer also to the tribe of Ephriam which was a part of that nation. "From the time of the revolt, the history of Ephriam is in two senses the history of the kingdom of Israel, since not only did the tribe become a kingdom, but the kingdom embraced little besides the tribe....There are few things more important in the sacred story than the descent of this haughty and jealous tribe from the culminating point at which it stood when it entered on the fairest portion of the Land of Promise--the chief sanctuary and the chief settlement of the nation within its limits, its leader the leader of the whole people-down to the sudden captivity and total oblivion which closed its career." (Smith: Bible Dictionary, p 283.) While the Ten Tribes ripened in iniquity, heedless of the repeated warnings of the prophets, nation after nation was falling before the military power of Assyria. In B. C. 745 the Assyrian crown was seized by a military adventurer named Pul or Pula, who then assumed the name of Tiglath-pileser 1V He marched against Menshem, King of Israel, wrested part of his dominions from him, and compelled the Israelites to pay tribute. Later, "in the days of Pekah king of Israel came Tiglath-pileser king of Assyria." and took a number of cities including some of the strongholds of Ephriam and all the land of Naphtali and carried off other captives," even the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh, and brought them unto Halah, and unto Habor, and Hora, and to the river Gozan, unto this day." (11 Kings 15:19, 29; 1 Chron. 5:26.) He chronicles his achievements in these words: "The distant land of Beth-Khumri....the whole of its inhabitants I carried away." (Ragozin: Story of Assyria, p 232.) Tiglath-pileser died in December, B.C. 727 and was succeeded by a certain Ulula, who took the name of Shalmanser 1V. Hoshea was then king of Israel. "Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria;....and went up to Samaria, and besieged it three years." During the siege he died or was murdered in December of the year 722, and the throne was seized by another general, Sargon. "In the ninth year of Hoshea the king of Assuria took Samaria and carried Israel away into Assyria, and placed them in Halah, and in Habor by the river of Gozan,and in the cities of the Medes." (11 Kings 17:6.) In the district which was formerly the ancient kingdom of the Medes there is but one important river, and today it is known as the river Ozen or Ousan. A map of the period about 1000 A.D. shows this same river as Gozen, Uzen, thus identifying it with the river Gozan of the captivity. Near this river are the towns Abhar and Haru, doubtless the Habor (which in the Septuagint is spelled Abor) and Hara of the Bible. Finally Halah (to the Septuagint Ala-e) is possibly the town of Alamut on a tributary of the Ozen. (Milner: Israel's Wanderings, pp 42, 43.) So the general scene of the captivity was an area southwest of the Caspian Sea, to the east of the river Aras (formerely the Araxes.) Excavators have found amid the ruins of Sargon's palace the annals of hisd conquests. One of the first entries is that: "In the beginning of my reign I besieged, I took by the help of the god Shamash, who gives me victory over my enemies, the city of Samaria (ir-Samirina). 27,280 of its inhabitants I carried away....I took them to Assyria and put into their places people whom my hand had conquered." (Ragozin, p 247; Sayce: "Ancient Civilizations and Their Vanished Glories." in Book of History, p 1575, Carpenter, p 30.) The punishment the captives were now forced to undergo had been vividly portrayed. Prophets had declared they should be oppressed and spoiled and crushed evermore; serving their enemies in hunger, in thirst, in nakedness, and in want of all things; with a yoke of iron upon their necks. Their lives should hang in doubt; their children should go into captivity; they should fear day and night. Their rulers should hate them. They should perish among the heathen, and the lands of their enemies should eat them up. And they that were left alive should pine away in the lands of their enemies (Deut. 28; Levi 26:17, 38.) Yet to those who survived this terrible ordeal, deliverance from bondage was promised, when they should be humbled sufficiently to accept the punishment for their iniquity--then would the Lord remember his covenants with their fathers. "Oh my people that dwellest in Zion, he not afraid of the Assyrian; he shall smite thee with a rod, and shall lift up his staff against thee, after the manner of Egypt. For yet a very little while, and the indignation shall cease, and mine anger in their destruction...And it shall come to pass in that day, that his burden shall be taken from off thy neck, and the yoke shall be destroyed because of the anointing." (Isaiah 10:24, 25, 27.) On the Nineveh marbles the story can be read that a people called Esak-ska (cf. Sakai, Saki-suna, Saxons) rebelled against the Assyrians about 670 B.C. or nearly fifty years after the captivity. As the enemies of Assyria gathered against her, doubtless many of the captives made their escape. Then the cruel oppressor fell. Cyaxeres of Media led his legions against doomed Nineveh. After a lengthy siege the city was taken, in B.C. 606, its ruler was slain, its people carried into captivity, and its palaces and temples burned. "Assyria and its empire had passed forever from the stage of history." The fall of Nineveh, and the confusion of the times, afforded an opportunity of escape. We can imagine how the captive Israelites gathered in their homes between the Araxes and Gozan rivers, and in Armenia. The story of that escape is told in the oft-quoted passage from Esdras or Ezra: "They took this counsel among themselves, that they would leave the multitude of the heathen, and go forth into a further country, where never mankind dwelt, that there they might keep their statutes, which they never kept in their own land. And they entered in at the narrow passages of the Euphrates. For the Most High then showed signs for them, and held still the flood till they were passed over. For through that country there was a great way to go, even of a year and a half. And the same region is called Arsareth. (11 Esdras 13:40-46.) The path they followed seems indicated by certain names even today. A natural route for them to take from their home east of the Araxes would lead them around the north-eastern end of Lake Van, and through a pass in the mountains to the eastern branch of the Euphrates. After following about fifty miles along its right bank they would be obliged to cross this river, at a point accurately corresponding to the "Narrow Passage" spoken of by Esdras. Another fifty miles and they would cross the Araxes. Further on the route is a river named on some maps Israel-su (Israel river). Northward, in the Caucasus mountains, there is an important pass known to this day as "the Gates of Israel." (Milner: Israel's Wanderings, p. 54; Weldon: Origin of the English, p. 50.) The greater portion of this migration was complete by the latter part of the 6th century B. C. for Nephi declares that "there are many who are already lost from the knowledge of those who are at Jerusalem. Yea, the more part of all the tribes have been led away; and they are scattered to and fro upon the isles of sea." (1 Nephi 22:3-4.) The Cimmerians and Scythians From the identical region where the Ten Tribes were lost in captivity are traced tribes whose descendants spread over Europe. Herodotus, the earliest Greek historian, about 450 B.C. minutely describes an ancient group of nomads whom he called "Scythians," which then inhabited the Crimea and the South Russian steppe from the Don to the Dniester. Before them, in this same area, had formerely dwelt the "Cimmerians." This last people had raised mounds there, but had by that date migrated into Asia Minor, Armenia, and into the north and west of Europe. Hero- dotus says the Cimmerians raised mounds over their kings, :which may be seen to this day." So also was this custom followed among the Scythians. When a chieftan died, with him were buried his horses, and all sorts of gold and silver vessels. "A giantic sepulchral mound was heaped over all....Many such mounds....have been found in the vicinity of the Dnieper and opened." (Herodotus, 1V,c,11; Schurz: "The Scythians, Cimmerians and Sarmatians," an article in the Book of History, p. 2446.) From this area north of the Black Sea two great general waves of migration spread over northern Europe. The first was that of the Cimmerians or Kelts; the second that of the Scythians. From the first group have arisen the Cimbri who attacked Rome, the Cymry or Welsh descended from the ancient Britons, the Bretons of Brittany in France, the Gaelic Scots and the Irish. Some branches of this race settled early in Scandinavia. From the Scythian stock have sprung the Franks, the Gothic tribes which overthrew the Roman Empire and settled in Italy, Spain, and northern Africa, the Anglo-Saxons, the Lowland Scotch, the Swedes, Danes, Norwegians and Icelanders, the Germans, Flemish, Swiss and Dutch. (A good summary of evidence for this classification is found in Sharon Turner's "History of the Anglo-Saxons, Vol. 1, chapters 1, 3.) Thus the Cimmerians and Scythians prove to be the ancestors of the nations of Northern Europe. One branch of the Scythians was known as the Sakee. Our ancestors, the Saxons, are held to be descended from them. Sharon Turner has written: "The Saxons were a German or Teutonic, that is, a Gothic or Scythian tribe; and of the various Scythian nations which have been recorded, the Sakae, or Sacae, are the people from whom the descent of the Saxons may be inferred, with the least violation of probability." (p. 59.) Choerilus, a Greek poet, calls them "the sheep-feeding Sacae, a people of the Scythian race...truly they were a colony of nomads, a righteous race." (Strabo, Bk. V11,c,3,No.9.) One branch of this people "got possession of the most fertile tract in Aarmenia, which was called after their own name, Sacasene," equilevant in sound to Saxony. (Strabo, Bk. X1,c,8,No.4.) Ptolemy found a people called Saxones living in the region from which the Saxons later came to England. He says they were derived from the Sacae, who came, he states, from the country of the Medes. Diodorus of Sicily says, "The Sacaea sprung from a people in Media, who obtained a vast and glorious empire." The Scythians, formerly inconsiderable and few, possessed a narrow region on the Araxes." (Diodorus Sicilus, p. 127.) The same original home is given by Sharon Turner. "The country where the ancients placed the Sacae and Sacassani....lies between the Arras and the Kur, which are the ancient Araxes and Cyrnus, near the northern parts of Persia." (Col. 1, 295-6, 202.) Curiously enough, this region on the Aras or Araxes river, in Media, in Armenia and in Persia, is the very district to which the Ten Tribes of Israel were carried captive. Among these the foremost tribe was Ephriam. Proofs from Archaeology In Sweden and on the shores of the Baltic are found many huge burial mounds, raised by the people there in ancient times over their dead. "In Tanum parish, Bohuslan, alone there are more than 2000 mounds, the largest being over 300 feet in circumference; in Upsala nearly 600; at Ultana 700. The greatest number found in any one spot is east of the ancient Birka Bjorko, where there are over 1000 of them." From Scandinavia to the Baltic and thence southward, along the valley of the river Dnieper in Russia down to its mouth in the Black Sea, these mounds may be followed, marking the path of migration of some powerful people. The traveler, Dr. E. J. Clarke, describes the vast plains north of the caucasus in southern Russia as being literally covered by immense numbers of mounds. When any of these have been opened, they prove to be tombs, "beautiful in workmanship and indicating great skill in the art of building. ....In the tombs are found pottery, jewelry, trinkets, bracelets, gold, and precious stones." (Poole: Fifty Reasons Why the Anglo-Saxons are Israelities, p. 30; Carpenter: The Israelites Found, p. 30.) According to Du Chaillu, the ornaments and relics found in these mounds near the Black Sea are "remarkably alike" and "exactly similar" to those found in the mounds of Scandinavia and the Baltic. (The Viking Age, Vol 1. pp 216, 299.) It now remains to ascertain the identity of the ancient inhabitants who built these remarkable mounds, whom Herodotus calls the Chimmerians and Scythians. Who Were These Mound-Builders of Europe These mounds are especially numerous in the vicinity of the Crimea and the Kuban river. Ninety-one mounds have been counted all in view at once. On the Crimean Peninsula is a "Valley of Jehosaphat" and a fortress called "Israel's fortress," which is surrounded by hundreds of these tombs. The Russian Archaeological Society has made extensive excavations into these mounds and has unearthed hundreds of epitaphs of tombs, some of them of great antiquity, going back to pre-Christian times. The inscriptions are in the Hebrew language, and give indisputable proof of the identity of the people who made them. Here are translations of some of them which were found in the Crimea, and are now preserved in the Museum of Petrograd: "I am Jehudi, the son of Moses, the son of Jehudah the mighty, a man of the tribe of Naphtali, of the family of Shimli, who was carried captive in the captivity of Hoshea, King of Israel, with the tribe of Simeon, together with other tribes of Israel." (Translated by Rev. Stern.) "To one of the faithful in Israel, Abraham-ben-Mar-Sinchah of Kerich, in the year of our exile 1682, when the envoys of the prince of Rosh Mesech came from Kiou to our master, Chazar Prince David, Halah, Habor and Gozan, to which places Tiglath Pileser had exiled the sons of Reuben and Gad and the Half Tribe of Manasseh, and permitted them to settle there, and from which they have been scattered throughout the entire East, even as far as China." "This is the grave of Buki, the son of Ischak (Issac), the priest. May his rest be in Eden at the time of the deliverance of Israel. In the year 702 of the years of our exile." "Rabbi Moses Levi died in the year 726 of our exile." "Zadok the Levite, son of Moses, died 4000 after the creation, 765 of our exile." (This refers to the Karaite era of the creation, which makes that event 3911 B.C. So this last date would be 88-89 A.D.) (Carpenter: The Israelites Found, p. 42; Poole: Anglo-Israel, p. 453; Poole: Fifty Reasons Why the Anglo-Saxons are Israelites, p. 31; Milner: Israel's Wanderings, p. 95.) Thus tradition, history and archaeology unite in tracing the ancestors of the Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon races to the region of the Black Sea, finding them originally Israelites of the captivity. Ephriam's Marks of Identification In the prophetic utterances regarding the future of Ephriam are passages which enable us to identify his children and their part in history. Six of these are selected. 1. Ephriam should be wasted away in captivity and become few in mumbers. "Though they bring up their children, yet will I breave them....Ephriam shall bring forth his children to the murdered....Ephriam is smitted, their root is dried up, they shall bear no fruit: yea, though they bring forth, yet will I slay even the beloved fruit of the womb." (See also the prophecy of Jacob already quoted.) (Hosea 9:12:16; Alma 46: 24-26.) 2. Ephriam should become "wanderers among the nations." (Moses 9:17.) 3. Ephriam was to be scattered, "as the morning cloud, and as the early dew that passeth away, as the chaff that is driven with the whirlwind out of the floor, and as the smoke out of the chimney." (Hosea 13:1, 3.) 4. Ephriam was commanded: "Set thee up waymarks, make high heaps: set thine heart to the highway, even the way which thou wentest." (Jer. 31:21.) 5...After his chastisement Ephriam should repent and be forgiven of the Lord. (Jer. 31:15-20; Hosea 14:8.) 6. Ephriam should "become a multitude of nations." (Gen. 48:19.) It is not difficult to find the people fulfiling in history every one of these predictions. The Chimmerians and Scythians were formerly, while still in the country of the Medes and Assyriana, "inconsiderable and few." They became shep-herds and herdsmen, and wandering nomads. As they increased they divided into tribes and spread in conquering waves of migration over Eurpoe, mixing "among the people." The mounds of the Black Sea region, of Scandinavia, and of elsewhere in Europe are the waymarks and high heaps of Ephriam. Finally after their period of idolatry, of wanderings, of ruthless wars and conquests, the Nordic nations have arisen to greatness as the "multitude of nations" of Europe and America foreseen of old by the patriarch Jacob. The eminent Jewish commentator and historian, Moses Malmonides--who lived in the 13th century--in a manuscript commentary on the Old Testament, reviews the blessings which Jacob pronounced upon his sons. He speaks of a certain Antenor, King of the Cimmerians, who lived 443 B.C. This Antenor he termed "the chief Prince of Ephriam." In Hebrew genealogy this would mean he was probably oldest son of the oldest son down from Ephriam through Elishama and Joshua in patriarchal order of descent. From Antenor, a King of the Cimmerians on the Black Sea, the earliest kings of the Franks traced their descent, through an ancient pedigree yet preserved. It is now impossible, without more knowledge of those early days, to either prove or dis-prove the links of this ancient record. It stands, like some tall pillar amid the ruins of a once glorious temple, the sole remaining evidence of former granduer. If authentic, and it is the best we yet have for that period, then we have an actual record of lineage from Antenor, "Chief Prince of Ephriam," to well-known kings of England, France, Germany and Spain. (See accompanying pedigree.) The lines of these rulers will presently be continued to families now living among us. The son of Antenor was Marcomir 1, King of the Sicambri. The Sicambrians "were originally Scythians planted at the mouth of the Danube from whence they were expelled by the Goths." Marcomir led his people out of Scythia to the Danube, and later "he with 175,658 men" was driven out of his home. "Then he planted them in the country now called West Frieszland, Gelders and Holland." "The Kingdom of Sicambria when first planted was upon the borders of Germany, near the German Sea. At their first coming they were called Newmagae (or new Kindred), afterwards Sicambri, and lastly Franks." (Anderson: Royal Genealogies, Table 371.) This author adds, "Historians have recorded these following Kings: Antenor, King of the Cimmerians, 443 B.C. (Called "Chief Prince of Ephriam.) Marcomir, King of the Sicambri, now called Franks. Antenor Priam. (They then first used the Saxon language.) Helenus Diocles. (He sided the Saxons against the Goths.) Bassanus Magnus, King and Priest, married the dau of Orcades, a Norwegian King. Clodomir Nicanor Marcomir Clodius Antenor Clodomir Merodochus Cassander Antharius Francus, King of the West Franks, B. C. 39. Clodius Marcomir, 111 Clodomir Antenor, 1V Ratherius, renewed league with Germans and Saxons. Richemer, 1. Odomir Marcomir, 1V Clodomir, 1V. Farabert, renewed the ancient league with the Germans. Sunno, fought with Romans and Gauls. Hilderic Bartherus Clodius, 111 Walter Dagobert Genebald, Duke of the East Franks. Dagobert Clodius, 1 Marcomir, 1 Pharamond, King of the Franks Clodius Sigimerus Ferreolus Ausbertus Arnoldus Sir Arnulf, Bishop of Metz Anchisus Pepin of Heristal Charles Martel Pepin the Short Charlemagne Louis 1 of France Charles 11 of France Louis of Germany Gisela of France Judith of France Carloman of Germany Berenger 1 of Italy Baldin 11 of Flanders Arnulph of Germany Gisela of Italy Arnulph 1 of Flanders Edith of Germany Berenger 11 of Italy Arnulph 11 of Flanders Henry 1 of Germany Adalbert of Italy Baldwin 1V of Flanders Otto 1 of Germany Otto Wm. of Bourgogne Baldwin V of Flanders Luitgarde of Germany Raynald, C of Bourgogne Maltilda of Flanders Otto, Duke of Franconia William 1 of Bourgogne Henry 1 of England Henry of Franconia Alfonso V11 of Castile Conrad 11 of Germany Odin of the North The mythological literature of Scandinavia "bears evidence of a belief prevalent among the people that their ancestors congregated at a remote period from the shores of the Black Sea, through a south-western Russia, to the shores of the Baltic." (Paul Du Chaillu: The Viking Age, 1, p. 216.) Long after this first migration, according to the sagas, a great conqueror Odin ruled in Asaland or Asaheim, where the chief city, Asgard, "was a great sacrificing place. It was customary there that twelve temple-priests were the foremost, and had charge of the sacrifice and judged between men....Odin was a great warrior and traveled far and wide, and became owner of many countries....It was his custom, when he sent his men into fight or on other errands, first to lay his hands on their heads and give them bjanak; they believed that luck would then be with them. As Odin was foreknowing....he knew that his descendants would live in the northern part of the world." With the temple priests and a great company he marched through Russia, Saxony, Denmark, and finally settled in Old Sigtuna in Sweden. "There he made a great temple and sacrificed according to the custom of the Asar." He had many sons, and left his sons to rule over and defend his conquests. He ordered that over great men mounds should be raised as memorials. "Odin was a great law-giver, prescribing rules for the people in peace and war, detailing the manner of offering sacrifice, and insturcting men how best to please the Gods." When he died in Sweden "the Swedes thought he had gone to old Asgard, and would live forever. Then there arose the worship of Odin." (Snorri Sturiason: Ynglinga Saga, c, 2-9; Cronholm: History of Sweden, p. 34.) "When Odin arrived with his twelve pontiffs or chief priests, he is said to have found that a great part of the land was occupied by a people who, like himself, had come from Svithied (i.e. Scythia); but in such long ages past that, according to their own account, no one could fix the time." Odin's people settled "upon the islands and coast lands" of the Baltic and German oceans, intermarrying with the "older tribes of Kelts, Kimri and others, who, in their turn--but long before-- had also come from beyond the shores of the Black Sea." (Otte: Scandinavia, pp. 6, 59.) From this Odin or Woden descended most of the kingly and noble races of the north. "When reading the Saga literature we are particularly struck by the frequent references made to pedigrees in which the people of the North took great pride. There are three great genealogical branches through which the Northern chiefs traced their descent from Odin." (Du Chaillu: The Viking Age, Vol 1, p. 66.) Of these three branches that of the Skjoldunga or line of Danish kings descended from Skjold, son of Odin, is reproduced on the chart which follows. "Skjold was the son of Odin, from whom the Skjoldunga are descended. He dwelt in and ruled over the lands now called Danmork, which were than called Gotland. Skjold had a son Fridleif, who ruled the lands after him. Fridleif's son Frodi got the kingship after his father." (Later Edda. Skaldskaparmal, c. 43.) The various tribes who settled in England all preserved pedigrees deducing their rulers from this same Odin. These pedigrees kept independently by the different tribes form the best evidence that he actually lived and reigned in the north, and left descendants. Moreover, several of these ancient records give Woden's ancestors for a number of generations. A glance at the accompanying table will show how the pedigree of Odin's forebears kept by one tribe tallies closely with those kept by others, with but minor changes in spelling and occasionally an omitted or added name. When we compare the Anglo-Saxon lineages with one found in the ancient Icelandic document, the Langfedgatal, we find the Scandinavians had an almost identical record of his projenitors. In lview of this, we are forced to conclude, with Sharon Turner, "Some of the most authentic genealogies indicate Woden to have been a real personage." An examination of the following lines of lineage will show the progeny of Odin or Woden traced to nine representative nations of Europe. In the next pedigree these lines are in turn followed until they merge in one common ancestress, Eleanor Welles. From her the line is direct to William Goddard, who emigrated to New England. This William Goddard was great-grandfather to Samuel Goddard, through whose two daughters are derived numerous prominent families in the Church. A few typical descents are shown, connecting with Presidents of the Church, members of the Quorum of the Twelve, Presidents of Stakes and Presidents of Missions, a President of the Seventy and Church Commissioner of Education. Because of the great interest in the forefathers of the Prophet Joseph Smith, a probably line of his ancestry is also shown. Thus from pedigrees, prophecy, history, archaeology and tradition evidence has been found to substantiate our teachings that we are "the servants of the Lord, even the children of Ephriam." (Doc. and Cov. 133:32.) To us has descended the precious birthright of the chosen seed and covenant race. With it we have inherited great privileges, great opportunities, great blessings and mighty responsibilities. What other meaning can we read from these words of the Lord to us: "Thus saith the Lord unto you, with whom the Priesthood hath continued through the lineage of your fathers, For ye are lawful heirs according to the flesh, and have been kept hid from the world with Christ in God; Therefore your life and the Priesthood hath remained and must needs remain through you and your lineage, until the restoration of all things spoken by the mouths of the holy prophets since the world began. Therefore, blessed are ye if ye continue in my goodness, a light unto the Gentiles, and through this Priesthood, a savoir unto my people Israael. The Lord hath said it. Amen. The Genealogy of Woden" Ancestor of the Norse and Anglo-Saxon Kings (Comparative tables showing pedigrees kept by different tribes.) Iceland Wessex Kent E. Anglia Essex Mercia Source Source Asser: Source Source Source The Lang- Wm. of Florence Florence Anglo- Anglo- fedgetal Malmes- of Win- of Win- Saxon Saxon bury chester chester Chronicle Chronicle Seskef Strefius Seth Setj Sceaf Bedweg Bedweg Beadwig Beadwig Bedwig Hwala Wala Wala Hwala Athra Hathra Hathra Hathra Hrawa Hathra Itormann Itermon Itermod Itermod Itermon Itermon Hetemotr Heremod Heremod Heremod Heremod Heremod Sceaf Scealdna Sceldwia Sceldwea Sceadwala Sceldwea Sceldwa Beaf Beowi Beow Beaw Beaw Beaw Tecti Taetwa Cetwa Tactwa Taetwa Eat Geti Geata Geta Geat Geata Godulf Godwlf Godulf Godwlf Godwuff Godwuff Finn Finn Finn Finn Finn Finn Frithuwulf Frithowlf Frithuwulf Frealaf Frelaf Frealaf Frealaf Frealaf Frealof Fridewold Frithowald Frithewald Frithuwald Woden or Odin (References: Searle: Anglo-Saxon Bishops, Kings and Nobles, p. 251; Sharon Turner: History of the Anglo-Saxon, pp. 163-167.) Woden or Odin l l-------------------l------------------l Beldeg Witelgetha Skield of Denmark Brand Waga Fridleaf Frithogar Withleg Fridfrod Freawin Weremund Fridleaf Wig Offa Havar Gewis Engengeate Frodi Eala Eomerus Vermand Elesa Ichel Olaf the Mild Cerdic Cnobba Dan the Proud Cynric Cunebald Frodi the Peaceful Ceawlia Crida, King of Mercia Halfdan Cuthwine Wibba,King of Mercia Fridleif Ceolwald dau of Wibba, mother of Frodi the Valiant Coenred Cadwalladyr of Wales Halfdan Ingild Edwal Heigi l Eoppa Ithodri ___l_________________ Eaba Cynan l l Eahlmund Eissylt Yrsa Rolf Kraki Egbert Merfyn Freich Eystein Hroar Ethelwulf Rhodri,King of Wales Yngvar Valdar Alfred the Great Anarwrd Bre utonund Halfdan Edward 1 Elise Ingiald Ivar Vidfadmi _________l_________ Prawst Olaf 1 of Aude l l LLEWELLYN of No.Wales Norway Randver Edmund 1 Hadgifu Edith of Halfdan 1 Sigurd Ring Edgar Charles Constantine-England Eystein 1 Ragnar Lodbrog ETHELRED stantine of Luitgarde of Halfdan 11 l 11 of England Vienne of Germany Gundrod of l Patton, Count Otto of Vestfold l Vienne Franconia _____________________l l Gerard, Count Henry of l l _____________l of Vienne Franconia Halfdan Olaf 11 of l l _ Stephanie of CONRAD 11 the Black Vestfold Biorn 1 Ivar Beinlaus Vienne of Germany Harold 1 Rognwald of Unsala dau of Ivar Raymond of of Norway of Jutland Erie 111 mother of Burgundy Erie 1 Aseda of Edmund 1 Sithrie 1 ALFONSO V11 Harold 11 Jutland Erie V of Deblin of Castile Bertrade Rognwald, Biorn 111 Olaf (Aulaf) and Leon of Norway Earl of Erie V1 Sithrie 11 Gertrude More Olaf 111 Auloed of Saxony Rolf,Duke of Sweden of Dublin Bertha of of Normandy Ingegerd Maelmuir Holland William 1 of Sweden Tadhg of LOUIS V1 Richard 1 md. Ossory of France Richard 11 JAROSLAV Dearbforgalll of Kief MURCERTACl 11 King ofl Ireland __________________l l l Robert, Duke of Alice of Normandy Normandy WILLIAM The William 1 of Conqueror Bourgogne Gisela of Bourgogne WILLIAM 1, Marquis of Montferrat The Children of Ephriam England Ethelred 11 of Italy England France Edmund Ironside WILLIAM, M. de Edward the Exile LOUIS V1 of Fance Montferrat Margaret of England LOUIS V11 of France Alice de Montferrat Matilda of Scotland Philip 11 of France Bonifacio di Saluzzo Matilda of England Louis V111 of France Manfredo 111 di Saluzzo Henry 11 of England Louis 1X of France Tomaso, Marquis di Saluzzo John of England Philip 111 of France Alice di Saluzzo Henry 111 of England md. Margaret of France EDMUND FITZ-ALAN EDWARD 1 of England Alice Fitz-Alan Thomas, Earl of Norfolk Lord John Segrave md. Margaret of Norfolk Elizabeth Segrave Eleanor Mowbray ELEANOR WELLES ____________________________________________________________________________ NormandyWales ROLF, Duke of Normandy LLEWELLYN of N. William 1 of Normandy Germany Wales Richard 1 of Normandy Griffith 1 of N.Wales Richard 11 of Normandy CONRAD 11, Emp. of Nesta of N. Wales Robert of Normandy Germany Nesta WILLIAM, the Henry 111 of Germany Sybil de Newmarsh Conqueror Henry 1V of Germany Bertha de Hereford Henry 1 of England Agnes of Germany Bertha de Braose Matilda of England Frederick 11 of Suabia William de Beauchamp Henry 11 of England Frederick Barbarossa Walter de Beauchamp John of England Mary of Germany William de Beauchamp Henry 111 of England Maud of Brabant William de Beauchamp Edmund, Earl of Lancaster md.Blamche of Artois Isabel de Beauchamp HENRY PLANTAGENET md.MAUD CHAWORTH Joan Plantagenet Lord John Mowbray Eleanor Mowbray ELEANOR WELLES _____________________________________________________________________________ Russia JAROSLAV 1 Prince of Kief md. Ingegerd of Sweden Anne of Kief Ireland Hugh de Vermandola Spain Isabel de Vermandois MURCHERTAC 11 of Robert de Beaumont Ireland ALFONSO V11 of Robert de Beaumont Lafracoth O'Brien Castile Margaret de Beaumont Alice de Montgomery Ferdinand 11 of Leon Robert de Quincy Gerald Fitz-Gerald Alfonso 1X of Leon Margaret de Quincy Maurice Fitz-Gerald Ferdinand 111 of Castile Maud de Lacy Maurice Fitz-Gerald ELEANOR OF CASTILE Thomas de Clare md.Juliane Fitz-Gerald Joan Plantagenet ______________ l Elizabeth de Clare l _l Elizabeth D'Amorie MARGARET DE CLARE Margaret Bardolf Margaret de Badlesmere Lord John Welles md. Maud de Rood l________ l Lord John Welles ELEANOR WELLES md. Hugh Poynings Constance Poynings md. Sir John Paulet Sir John Paulet Sir John Paulet Eleanor Paulet md. Sir William Gifford Sir William Gifford Anne Gifford md. Thomas Goddard Richard Goddard Edward Goddard William Goddard Edward Goddard Ebenezer Goddard Susannah Goddard md. Phineas Howe l _____