REIGNALDSON, Lord Donald Domhnill

1170 - Abt 1249  (79 years)  Submit Photo / Document

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• Name	REIGNALDSON, Donald Domhnill
  Prefix	Lord
  Birth	1170	Hebrides, Cantyre, Scotland
  Gender	Male
  Death	Abt 1249	Islay Island, Argyll, Scotland
  WAC	20 Sep 2007	DALLA
  _TAG	Reviewed on FS
  Headstones	Submit Headstone Photo
  Person ID	I50296	Joseph Smith Sr and Lucy Mack Smith
  Last Modified	19 Aug 2021

  
  

  Father	GILLEBRIDE, Lord Reginald ,   b. Abt 1148, Morven, Argyleshire, Scotland Morven, Argyleshire, Scotlandd. Apr 1207, Kintyre, Argyll, Scotland (Age 59 years)
  Mother	MORAY, Lady Fonia ,   b. 1145, Morayshire, Scotland Morayshire, Scotlandd. 1200, Kintyre, Argyleshire, Scotland (Age 55 years)
  Marriage	Abt 1185
  Family ID	F18330	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family	STEWART, Jean ,   b. Abt 1200, Scotland Scotland
  Family ID	F25471	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	24 Jan 2022

  
  

• Notes

  The McDonalds - pg 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 The McDonalds are of Scottish origin. Although many of them migrated from County Antrim in northern Ireland, the usual spelling there was "McDonnel," or "Macdonnell" The Scottish family of Macdonnell, once Lord of the Isles, had inherited large estates in Antrim (Ireland) through marriage. In 1603 the current chieftain, Sir Randall Macdonnell, was acknowledged as landlord of a vast area of Antrim. The spellings of McDonald and MacDonald are interchangeable. The MacDonald spelling was more frequent in Scotland but has been shortened to McDonald in America. Other variations in spelling include McDonold and McDanell. A closely related name is McDaniel. The name MacDonald means "son of Donald." encompasses all the McDonalds plus 200 other names of branches, septs, and adherents. They all claim kinship under one or more of the following headings: MacAllister of Loup; MacDonald of Ardnamurchan; MacDonald of Glencoe; MacDonald of Clanranald; MacDonnell of Antrim; MacDonell of Keppoch; MacDonell of Glengarry; and MacDonald of Sleat. "Clans" was a term originating in the Highlands of Scotland. A clan consisted of people who traced their descent from a common ancestor. They revered the ancestor and gave honor to the family chieftains who followed him. The MacDonalds trace their origin to Somerled, who came from an ancient Celtic family. He conquered the western isles of Scotland in the 11002. His marriage to a Norse Princess gave him added power and prestige, and made him a feared adversary to the Scottish King. When Somerled was assassinated in 1164, he left two sons, Dougal who founded the MacDougalls, and Reginald, whose son Donald gave his name to the MacDonalds. Donald's successor, John MacDonald received the title of "Lord of the Isles" in 1345. His sons formed branches of the MacDonald Clan. Ranald founded the MacDonalds of Clanranald, Iain the MacDonalds of Kintyre and Islay, and Alastair the MacDonalds of Keppoch. From 1130 to 1493, the MacDonalds were in the seat of power. They controlled all the Hebrides and the Western Highlands. This was the Golden Age of Galedom. It was the golden age of the MacDonalds too. They were important men in the west and operated independently of the Scottish Crown. Under the "Lords of the Isles" system, a Council of sixteen men met regularly with the Chief MacDonald and took care of the governing administration. The old Gaelic tongue was spoken and care was given to preserve the old music, poetry and song of the past. Family records were kept from generation to generation. The remains of many churches and castles testify to the former power in religion and politics of the MacDonalds. Though operating as a separate nation, the MacDonalds and their allies always supported Scotland in its fight for independence from England. Chieftain Angus Og gave the main support to Robert the Bruce. At the great victory on the Bannockburn in 1314, where Scotland won its independence, The Bruce called, in words made famous y Sir Walter Scott, for Angus Og to deliver the final blow. One effort more, and Scotlands Free! Lord of the Isles, my trust in thee Is fast as Eilsa Rock. Rush on with Highland sword and targe. I, with my Carrick spear charge. Now forward to the shock! The wild Highlanders and the Lowland spearmen cut to pieces the English army of 25,000. Edward II, with his personal guard, alone escaped. The Bruce granted to Clan Donald, forever, the position of honor on the right flank of the Scottish army. Angus MacDonald received hugh grants of land from The Bruce, and the power of the "Lords of the Isles" grew until upon conflict with the Scottish Monarchy took place. Finally, in 1493, the Scottish government, after defeating Alexander MacDonald in a battle over the Earldom of Ross, took away the "Lords of the Isles" title. It was given to the heir of the Scottish Crown, currently Prince Charles. After losing the "Title," Clan Donald was left without a recognized chieftain. Clan families went their separate ways, and the Scottish government took advantage of clan weakness. The Campbells in the south and the Gordons in the north were given authority over the separate MacDonald clans. The MacKenzies soon came to power in the north, and they, along with the Campbells, over-ran much of the Clan Donald land. Still, the MacDonalds could life their heads high with family pride. An old story is credited to Donald Gorm of Sleat, son of Donald the Grim: Donald Gorm was in London, seeking alliance with King Henry VIII against their then common enemy, the Scots central government; when he was invited to the Lord Mayor's Banquet and inadvertently placed too close to the wrong end of the table. Halfway through the banquet somone told the Lord Mayor that Donald wa a great prince in his own country, at that very moment negotiating a treaty with King Henry The Lord Mayor immediately seat a message asking Donald to come and sit at his right hand. The reply was, "Tell the Lord Mayor not to be fasing (worrying) himself. Whereever MacDonald is sitting, THAT is the head of the table" Over the next two hundred years, the MacDonalds were becoming known as the "heroes of lost causes." They were said to "win the battles and lose the wars." No one ever doubted the MacDonald's bravery in battle nor their tendency to pick losers in politics. In Macauley's History of England, we read the following statement: As military men the MacDonalds have ever supported their high renown; the names of those distinguishing themselves being truly far too numerous to mention, and had they only been as wise and prudent as they were brave and generous, there would never have been another Clan to equal it. The MacDonalds were ardent supporters of Royalty, particularly the House of Stuart who identified with the Highlands through ancestry. Actually, the Stuarts (Stewarts) were kinds in Scotland before the thrones were combined in 1603. James VI of Scotland became James I of England. After Charles II died in 1685, the rule of the Stuarts continued with James II. Immediately, the new king attempted to bring back Roman Catholicism, but with a degree of religious tolerance. The religious fanatics of the 17th century did not know the meaning of tolerance. At different times, the Roman Catholics, Episcopalians and Presbyterians had shoved religion down Scottish throats--even to the point of sending military escorts to coerce their point of view. When James's son was baptized as a Roman Catholic, his undoing was complete. The power structure of England used the Catholic "bogey" against him. And through the use of Dutch mercenaries, led by William of Orange, and without firing a shor, James II was ousted. He fled to France, and the English selected William and his wife, also his cousin, Mary to rule. When William and Mary ascended to the throne, Presbyterianism was adopted in Scotland as the state religion. This set the MacDonalds into a rage. Traditionally, the Highlanders had been Episcopalians, and the Lowlanders, Presbyterians. The wrangling between the two was a "thorn" to the Secretary of State, Sir John Dalrymple, a Campbell. Then came the idea of a "loyalty oath," requiring all the clan chieftains to sign an oath of allegiance to the King by January 1, 1692. By December of 1691 most of the chieftains had signed the oath, an exception being the MacDonalds of Glencoe. Those who did not sign were promised death by "fire and sword." In a change of heart, Alasdair (Alexander) MacDonald, Chief of Glencoe, arrived at the Castle of Inverlochy on December 30th to take the oath. His party was told to go to the sheriff at Inveraray, fifty miles away, to sign. By the time of arrival, the January 1st deadline had passed. The MacDonalds signed the oath, returned to Glencoe, and thought all was well. On January 10th, 1692, two companies of Campbells arrived at Glencoe. Announcing that they had come in peace, they billeted for two weeks, all the while accepting MacDonald hospitality-- housing, food, and drink. But at 5 a.m. on February 12, the MacDonands were attacked and massacred. A few escaped but the valley was devastated. There was a smell of fire, blood and death in each hamlet. Everything was plundered and taken, including the cows and horses. However, both sons of the chief got away, and lied to get a measure of revenge. Any MacDonald today, although outwardly polite, will avoid becoming intimate or even friendly with a Campbell. White heather is the emblem of the Campbells. No MacDonald would ever dare to wear a sprig of it in his buttonhole. The following son (composer unknown) was written to describe the Massacre of Glencoe: Cruel is the snow that sweeps Glencoe That covers the grave o'Donald Cruel was the foe that raped Glencoe And murdered the House of MacDonald They came in the blizzard We offered them peace A roof o'er their heads, Dry shoes on their feet We wined them and dined them--We gave of our meat They slept in the House of MacDonald. They came from Fort William we' murder in mind The Campbell had orders King William had signed "Put all to the sword," these words underlined "Leave none alive o'MacDonald." They came in the night when the men were asleep This band of Argylls with snow soft and deep Like murdering foxes among helpless sheep They slaughtered the House of MacDonald. Some died in their beds at the hand of the foe Some fled in the night and were lost in the snow Some lived to accuse him who struck the first blow But done was the House of MacDonald. Meanwhile, the MacDonalds were supporting a movement to bring the House of Stuart back to power. These followers were known as Jacobites. The word Jacobite (Jak'-o-bit') came from the word Jacobus, the Latin name of their leader, James Edward Stuart, who was known as "The Old Pretender." Sir Donald MacDonald of Sleat was an ardent supporter of the Stuart family, and he was "Bonny" Dundee raised a fighting force in 1690 to win Scotland for James II. However, on the 27th of July, at the moment of victory, Dundee fell at Killiecrankie, leaving no-one who could fill his place. By 1695 , King James, old and broken, had given up the fight. His son was only a child, so things quieted down for a time. King William died in 1702 and Queen Anne, the second daughter of James II succeeded him. After the parliaments of Scotland and England were united in 1707, Queen Anne ruled over the kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. When she died in 1714, an obscure cousin, George, of the House of Hanover in Germany, was selected to reign. With the House of Hanover on the throne, the Jacobite cause picked up momentum. By now, the kings had become puppets to the "money brokers" of England, and the common people had no voice. Great injustices were done during the industrial revolution, and in Scotland, forcible evictions took place by the thousands. Beware! When values get so warped by greed that man causes misery to his fellow creatures. Feeling in Scotland swung over to the Stuarts and war followed. It was a brief unsuccessful one, owing to the lack of leadership. Sir Donald MacDonald of Sky and William, Earl of Seaforth, raised 800 men. The other MacDonald Clans also gave support. But James III lacked the gift of leadership or the ability to inspire, and the man picked to lead the Royal Army, the Earl of Mar, was thoroughly incompetent. In consequence, the Rising of 1715 ed. The loss came more from lack of Co-ordination and drive by the Earl, called "Bobbing John," than from the enemy. About 800 hundred Jacobite prisoners were sent to America after the defeat. Most were shipped out as bond-servants to the plantations of Virginia, Maryland, South Carolina, and Antigua. Some of these were MacDonalds. Available records are shown below. Notice that the home towns are not listed, nor the clan for which they fought. However, the largest group of MacDonalds that were involved in the Rising of 1715 were from the Isle of Skye. McDonald, Caul. Jacobite prisoner. Transported to South Carolina on Wakefield, ex Liverpool, 21 April, 1716. McDonald, Donald. Jacobite prisoner. Transported to South Carolina Carolina on Wakefield, or Liverpool, 21 April, 1716. McDonald, Donald. Jacobite prisoner. Transported to South Carolina on Wakefield, ex Liverpool, 21 April, 1716. McDonald, James. Jacobite prisoner. Transported to South Carolina on Susanna, ex Liverpool, 7 May, 1716. McDonald, John. Jacobite prisoner. Transported to South Carolina on Wakefield, ex Liverpool, 21 April, 1716. McDonald, John, Jacobite prisoner. Transported to South Carolina on Susanna, ex Liverpool, 24 May 1716. McDonald, John. Jacobite prisoner. Transported to Maryland on Friendship, ex Liverpool, 24 May, 1716. McDonald, John. Jacobite prisoner. Transported to Maryland on Friendship, ex Liverpool, 24 May 1716. McDonald, Rose. Jacobite prisoner. Transported to South Carolina on Susannah, ex Liverpool, 7 May 1716. McDonald William. Jacobite prisoner. Transported to South Carolina on Susannah, ex Liverpool, 7 June, 1716. Some of these prisoners may have escaped and returned to Scotland before their time of service had expired. However, there is reason to believe that most of them considered themselves well placed when they arrived at the plantations. Terms of indentured service averaged about four years. In January of 1716, James III disbanded his army and returned to France. The clans departed to the Highlands, but the causes of the Rising of 1715 still remained. Then came the Rising of 1745. Prince Charles Edward Stuart, son of James III, had grown to manhood and was ready to regain the throne. Returning from France, he raised the Royal Standard at Glenfinnan on August 9, 1745. Known as "Bonnie Prince Charlie," he led a force of 9000 men made up mainly of Highlanders. The MacDonalds, Chisholms, and Stewarts were among his staunchest supporters. After several victories, including the taking of Edinburgh and marching to within 130 miles of London, Charles was close to success. George II was in a panic and packing his bags to return to Germany. But, Prince Charles's advisors persuaded him to turn back. That decision sealed the fate of the Stuarts, but the war was not over. After several skirmishes, the army of Prince Charles was getting desperately short of food and the weather was worsening. Then came the fateful da of April 16, 1746. On Culloden (Cul-lod'-en) Moor, with artillery to sweep the field and the wind and sleet n the Jacobite faces, the Duke of Cumberland's forces utterly shattered the men of Prince Charles. Wounded men were hacked to pieces, some burned alive, and prisoners were deprived of all food, clothing and water. The systematic destruction continued for months, and the stuart threat was over. In addition, the clans were broken and sever penalties were inacted against them, including the signing of the following oath: "I swear, as I shall answer to God at the great day of judgment, I have not and I shall not have in my possession any gun, sword, or arms whatever, and never use tartan, plaid, or any part of the Highland garb, and if I do so may I be accursed in my undertakings, family, and property, may I never see my wife, nor children, nor father, mother, or relations, may I be killed in battle as a fugitive coward, and lie without Christian burial in a foreign land, for from the graves of my forefathers and kindred; may all this come upon me if I break this oath." After the defeat at Culloden, Prince Charles fled for his life. Flora MacDonald, daughter of a Scottish farmer, helped him escape to the island of Skye. She dressed up the Prince in woman's clothing and he escaped by being camouflaged as her said. From Skye the Prince went to France. Making the escape more difficult was a 30,000 pound government reward for his capture. For her part in the affair, Flora MacDonald was imprisoned for a year in the Tower of London. Of the prisoners that were shipped to America, we have no way of knowing their status in life. Noblemen and servants fought side by side. And after capture, no distinctions were made. Since the first settlement in South Carolina was at Charleston in 1670, only a few plantations existed in the low-country by 1716. With the defeat at Culloden, warring by the Highland clans was over. Between the rising of 1715 and 1745, military roads were built throughout the Highlands. These provided a way in for the government to beat down insurrection and a way out for Scots who emigrated to all parts of the British empire. Several McDonalds were shipped to America as bond-servants after the defeats of 1715 and 1746. Others were sent for violating the Disarming Act or for wearing Highland dress. General James Oglethorpe settled Savannah, Georgia in 1733. The fear of the Spaniards led him to recruit fighting men from Scotland. On January 19, 1736, a group of 180 Highland Scots landed at what is now Darien, Georgia. Of these, 34 were MacDonalds. But the big thrust in emigration came because of economic conditions. Between 1763 and 1771, farm rents in the Highlands and the western isles increased up to 50%. Owing to the hard times in Scotland and the stories of Prosperity in America, emigration began on an epidemic scale. In one instance, Sir Alexander MacDonald's tacksmen (middlemen) on the island of North Uist formed themselves into a company and purchased 100,000 acres in South Carolina. 200 of them sold off their stock, abandoned farms, and emigrated to America. About the same time, after the hard winter of 1771, 700 MacDonalds departed the island of Skye for America. More followed in 1773. Among the emigrants from the island of Skye were Flora MacDonald and her husband Allan MacDonald of Kingsburg. The main port of entry was Wilmington, North Carolina. The new Americans arrived in many emigrant ships between the years 1738 and 1775. In 1776, there were 12,000 Gaelic speaking Carolinians. But the language began to die during the Revolutionary War. Many of the Gaelic-speakers were Loyalists to the Crown, so it became politically unpopular to use the old Mother Tongue. Basically, the Revolutionary War was fought by second and third generation Americans (Patriots) on the one side, and first genertion Americans (Lyalists) on the other side, and first generation Americans (Loyalists) on the other side. There were smaller numbers of British and French soldiers. As the war approached, emigrants who received land grants from the King were required to sign Tory oaths. In one example, James and Norman McDonald petitioned the King for a grant of 40,000 acres in America. High McDonald (step-father of Flora McDonald, the Scottish herione), Edmund MacQueen, Reverend William MacQueen, and Alexander McDonald were to share the land. At first the petition was denied because too many prominent citizens of Scotland were emigrating to America. But the government relented and allowed the McDonalds and MacQueens to leave Scotland after each signed the Tory oath. They settled in Anson County, North Carolina. ... -------------------------------------------------- MACDONALD - This all powerful Highland clan took its name from Donald, grandson of Somerled, undisputed King of the Isles. The crest badge is a hand in armour, holding a cross crosslet and the motto, by sea and by land. Angus Og, brother of the clan chief, was a supporter of King Robert Bruce. He marched on Bannock-burnfield with his Macdonald warriors, enabling Bruce to defeat the English army. The Macdonalds of Glencoe will be remembered by historians as the victims of the Massacre of Glencoe. In February 1692, nearly forty were slain in bed by Redcoats. Of Norse ancestry, this island clan eventually was so numerous and their prowess in the field of battle almost legendary, their chief was able to elect himself, LORD OF THE ISLES. -------------------------------------------------- Addendum: Pedigree - These three Princes, sons of Reginald MacSomerled, warred against Alexander II, of Scotland. Donald allied himself with the King of Norway, and the alliance between his family of Isla and Norway continued without interuption until the close of the Norwegian occupation of the Isles. Donald is said to have made a pilgrimage to Rome. From this Donald the Clan Donald takes its name. In its oldest form Donald is Domwall, and means "a world wielder." Donald and the Stewart lady had two sons. Continued from Somerled -- This grandson was Donald, progenitor of Clan Donald. He was probably the greatest leader of Gaelic Scotland--'a well-tempered man, in body shapely, of a fair piercing eye, of middle stature and of quick discernment." THE GENEALOGY OF CLAN DONALD Gaelic 'clann' translates directly into English 'children,' but 'kin' is closer to its meaning; that is, a group of people who trace their descent from a common ancestor. Gaelic society has always been based on the real or assumed kinship between every member of a clan or one of its branches, and its chief or chieftain. Their relationships to the chief defined their place in society and their relationships with each other. Genealogy was much more than a matter of interest; it was essential for the proper ordering of rights and obligations. Hence the high status of the 'seanchaidh' or genealogist: for the Gael, genealogy was not only history, but the reason for history. Not every clan member was actually related by blood: people who were not of direct descent might also identify with a particular clan. They may have been granted land in return for services, or simply have lived on clan territories. It was a measure of a chief's status, and in his interest in times of war, to have many 'children' to call on. Being a MacDonald could simply mean being a follower of a Clan Donald leader: it did not necessarily mean being of the same royal blood. But it did imply allegiance to that leader and he, in turn, had something like a fatherly responsibility to his 'children.' (continued RIN John Macdonald who married Ann Paisley) ---------------------------------- Reginald. Got Kintyre and Isla. On his seal to the Charter of Paisley Abbey he is called Reginald Rex Insularum Dominus de Ergile. He died in 1207 A.D. He called Reginald De Iie. ---------------------------------- Donald Got South Kintyre, Isla, and other islands; called "King of Inssegall." Probably died before 1249 A.D. ----------------------------------- Descent of the McDanells- Paul, his son was Hoakon, Earl of the Orkneys; his daughter was Ingibjorg IV who married Olaf Bitling, King of the Southern Isles; his her son Ragnhilda who married Somerharlidh, King of Argyll. about 1157; and their three sons were: Eufgall, Ergus, and Raghnall. Raghnall had a son Donal, and Donal had a son Aenghus Mor MacDomhnaill (circa 1263) and Aenghus had a son by the same name (Aenghus Og who died in 1325); Aenghus Og who died in 1325 had a son Eoin (RIN 98216) who married Margaret, daughter of Robert II of Scotland. Eoin (98216) and Margaret (RIN23517) had four children- 1. Donnel of Isla c. 1411 2. Alastar Carrach 3. Marcus who was the ancestor of the MacDonnells of Knocknacloy of Colttyar?? 4. Eoin Mor md. abt 1400 to Margery Bissett her became the ancestor of the Earls of Antrim (RIN38642) (McBride, McDaniel, McDonald Families in RIN 30413, 30408, 24138, 30410 are all connected in the 1100.)